Saturday, 7 December 2024

The Silent Giant in the kalawewa National Park.... 🐘

I am writing this article in the seventh day since his death....😌🐘

Deegha - 01/ Deegadanthu - 01 was one of biggest tuskers in sri lanka. First time I saw him in the kalawewa national park in 2023. And after in August of 2024. It was my second & last encounter. That tusker was so majestic. He was really amazing. His tusks and body grew as the symbol of strength. Followings are few photographs of Deega - 01 which I had taken in this year. Actually, all photographs shows his timeless beauty. He looked like a legend of the wild. 

The Kalawewa National Park is one of amazing national park in North Central Province Sri Lanka. Herds of elephants are roaming in the Kalawewa area. There are many elephants & tuskers around the Kalawewa lake. Many sighting of elephants can be seen around the kalawewa area. This park has become a tourism attractive place because of these majestic elephants. 

Deega - 01 was the symbol of Kalawewa through out this year. He was the last remaining majestic tusker in Kalawewa area. His massive tusks shows his endless beauty. Not only that, he was the second largest tusks owner in Sri Lanka. First is the Tusker Kawanthissa. 



Finally, The Sri Lankan tusker Deegadanthu - 01 had gone far away from this world. I felt that he had gone to the heaven from this cruel world. On last 29th he was died due to electricution. That matter is directly affect in the economy and the prosperity of entire country. Nation also talking about this and now it is popular news. As a photographer and nature lover i am also totaly worried about that incident. As we observed during the wildlife photography, Actually they are really calm. But, huge number of elephants have died due to human activities for past years and still happening. It is because of human - elephant conflict. It shows huge lost for the entire country. Actually as a Sri Lankan I am really worried about the fact that still we don't have a proper programme, procedure or any technique for wildlife conservation & environmental protection too. Governers also dont care about this matter. So as a nation we must stand strong to save the wildlife and nature for our future generation. And also we must find a successful solution for the human & elephant conflict. Government must make a proper plan for this disaster. Deegadanthu - 01 has also gone far away, but his memories will forever inspire in our hearts. His spirit will always blow throughout the Kalawewa....

Deega -01 has also gone like Rewatha, Bharana, Walagmbha & Deega - 02.... But we have response to save the other remaining giants...








Rest in Peace Legend.... 🙏 

✍️ Gima - āļœිāļ¸ා [ Sandalee Chandrasekara ]

#standstrongtosavethewildlife #savethewildlife #savetheelephants #savethetuskers #letssavethewildlife

Monday, 28 October 2024

The Tusker Mahasen 🇱🇰 🐘

The Majestic Tusker....🐘 

Mahasen......

This gentle giant is the oldest tusker in sri lanka who owned the longest tusks... Although, He has lived for a long time in Somawathiya area as his homeland , He is often seen around the Ganewelpola/ Maradankadawala area. Also he was in Minneriya National park 3 years before.... As far as my mind he is reached 70 years now.... This is a Sri Lankan (Asian) wild tusker very rare to see...

💚🤩🐘 🇱🇰 

Asian Elephant [Elephas Maximus

📷 Gima Wild Graphy - āļœිāļ¸ා

✍️ Sandalee Chandrasekara

Nikon D750 + 70-200mm

Thursday, 4 April 2024

āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­ āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€āļą āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļē… đŸŒŋ🌸đŸĒ¨ R. I. T. I. G. A. L. A. ~ S r i L a n k a 🇱🇰

 **āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­, āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€āļą āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļē**đŸŒŋ

R. I. T. I. G. A. L. A. ~ S r i   L a n k a   đŸ‡ąđŸ‡°

āļ‹āļ­ුāļģු āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ´āˇ…ාāļ­ේ,āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģāļēāļ§ āļąුāļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­. āļ´āļŊුāļœāˇƒ් āˇ€ැāˇ€ āļ´්‍āļģාāļ¯ේāˇීāļē āļŊේāļšāļ¸් āļšොāļ§්āļ¨ාāˇāļēāļ§āļ­් āļšැāļšිāļģාāˇ€ āļ´්‍āļģාāļ¯ේāˇීāļē āļŊේāļšāļ¸් āļšොāļ§්āļ¨ාāˇāļēāļ§āļ­් āļ¸ාāļēිāļ¸්āˇ€ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­ි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ„āļļāļģāļĢ āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¸ාāļģ්āļœāļēේ āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ„ා āļœāļąේāˇ€āļŊ්āļ´ොāļŊ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ´āˇƒිāļą් āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ 7200āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļģāļ¸āļĢීāļē āļˇූāļ¸ි āļˇාāļœāļēāļš āˇ€āļąāļ´ිāļēāˇƒāļšිāļą් āˇ€ැāˇƒී āļ‡āļ­. āˇ„āļļāļģāļĢ āˇƒිāļ§ āļ¸āļģāļ¯āļą්āļšāļŠāˇ€āļŊ āˇ„āļģāˇ„ා āļ¯ිāˇ€ෙāļą āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¸ාāļģ්āļœāļēේ āļšි. āļ¸ී. 15 āļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§āļœāļŊ āˇ„āļą්āļ¯ිāļēෙāļą් āˇ„ැāļģී āļ…āļ­ුāļģු āļ¸āļœāļš āļœāļ¸āļą් āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļēි. āļšොāˇ…āļš āˇƒිāļ§ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯āļš්āˇ€ා āļ¯ුāļģ āļšි. āļ¸ී. 201āļš් āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āˇ€ේ.




āˇƒුāļ¸ිāˇ„ිāļģි āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒ āļšāļ­ාāˇ€āļšāļ§ āˇ„ිāļ¸ිāļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļą āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ…āļ¯ āˇ€āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¯ෙāˇƒ් āˇ€ිāļ¯ෙāˇƒ් āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļą් āļļොāˇ„ෝāļ¸āļēāļš āļąෙāļ­් āˇƒිāļ­් āļļැāļ¯āļœāļ­් āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļš āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļ­්āˇ€ āļ­ිāļļේ. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļŗුāļšāļģāļē āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļą් āˇ„āļ­āļšිāļą් āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€ූāˇ€āļšි. āļ’āˇ€ා āļąāļ¸්; āļ†āˇƒිāļēා āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļļāļ§ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļšොāļŠිāļœāļŊ, āļ‹āļĢ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ…āļšāļģාāļ´āļ­ි āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ´āļ§āļŊීāļē āˇ„ිāļą්āļą, āļšිāļģිāˇ€ැāļŊ් āˇ„ිāļą්āļą āļ†āļ¯ිāļē āˇ€ේ. 600māļš් (āļ…āļŠි 2000āļš්) āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļ‹āˇƒිāļą් āļēුāļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ‰āˇ„āˇ…āļ¸ āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļē āļ¯ āˇ€ේ. āļšිāļģිāļē āļœāˇƒ් āˇ€ැāˇ€, āļšāˇ…ුāļ‘āļļේ, āļ¸ොāļģāļœොāļŠ, āļ¸ූāļģිāļēා, āļšāļŠāˇ€āļŊ, āļļāļ¸ුāļĢුāļœāļ¸, āļ‹āļŊ්āļ´āļ­, āˇ„ීāļąුāļš්āļšිāļģිāļēාāˇ€, āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ†āļ¯ි āļœāļ¸්āļ¸ාāļą 14āļšිāļą් āˇ€āļ§āˇ€ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļšāļ¯ු āˇ€ැāļ§ිāļē āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļē āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯āļ§ āļ´ිāˇ€ිāˇƒෙāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊිāļą්āļ¸ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļšුāļŠා āļœāļŊ් āļšුāˇ…ු āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļš් āļ¸āļ­ිāļą් āˇ€ේ. āļ’ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸāļ¸ āˇ„āļ¸ු āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļ­āļģāļ¸āļš āļ¯ිāļœ āļ´āˇ…āļŊāļšිāļą් āļēුāļ­ු āļœැāļšුāļģ āļ…āļŠි 30āļš් āļ­āļģāļ¸් āˇ€ූ āļœāļģා āˇ€ැāļ§ුāļĢු "āļļāļą්āļ¯ා āļ´ොāļšුāļĢ" āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ූ āˇƒුāˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļ´ොāļšුāļĢāļēි. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ­ැāļąිāļą් āļ­ැāļą āˇ€ිāˇƒිāļģී āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģී āļ‡āļ­ි āļœāļŊ් āļ´ාāļŊāļ¸්, āļ´ිāļēāļœැāļ§ āļ´ේāˇ…ි, āļšāˇ€ාāļšාāļģ āˇ€ූ ‍āˇෛāļŊāļ¸āļē āˇ€ේāļ¯ිāļšා, āļ”āļ´āļ¸āļ§්āļ§āļ¸් āļšāļģāļą āļŊāļ¯āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļœāļŊ් āļ´ුāˇ€āļģු, āˇƒෙāļŊ්āļ¸ුāˇ€ා āļ´āˇ„āļą්, āļ­āļ§ාāļš, āļļෙāˇ„ෙāļ­් āļ”āļģු, āˇƒāļŊ āļ´āļ­āļŊ āļ¸āˇ…ු, āˇƒāļš්āļ¸āļą් āļ¸āˇ…ු, āļšāļ§ාāļģāļą් āļšෙāļ§ූ āļœāļŊ් āļŊෙāļą්, āļĸāļą්āļ­ාāļœාāļģ, āļ´āļ°ාāļąāļœāļģ āˇ„ා āļœāļŊ් āļšුāˇ…ුāļĢු āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļēි.

āˇ€āˇƒāļģ 1500āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļšාāļŊāļēāļš් āļ…āļ¯්āˇ€ිāļ­ීāļē āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āļ†āļģාāļ¸ිāļš āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļēāļš් āˇ€āˇāļēෙāļą් āļ´ැāˇ€āļ­ි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ 11 āˇ€āļą āˇƒිāļēāˇ€āˇƒේāļ¯ී āļ ෝāˇ… āļ†āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļĢāļēāļ­් āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēෙāļą් āļąāļ§āļšුāļą් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļ­් āˇ€ිāļē. āˇ€āļąāļœāļ­ āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļąිāˇƒා āˇ€āļą āˇƒāļ­ුāļą්āļœේ āˇ€ාāˇƒāˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļ­් āˇ€ූ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේāļ¯ී āļģූāˇƒ්āˇƒ āļœāˇƒ් āļšොāļŊāļą් āˇ€āļŊිāļą් āļ´ිāļģුāļĢු āˇ€āļą āļģොāļ¯āļš්āļą් āˇ€ැāˇƒී āļ´āˇ€āļ­ී. āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේāļ¯ී āļˇාāˇ€āļąාāļąුāļēෝāļœි āļˇිāļš්āˇ‚ූāļą් āˇ€āˇ„āļą්āˇƒේāļŊා āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇ€āļąāļœāļ­āˇ€ āˇ€ැāļŠ āˇƒිāļ§ි āļļāˇ€āļ§ āˇƒාāļš්āˇ‚ි āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āļąāļ§āļšුāļą් āˇ€āļŊිāļą්āļ¯ āˇ„ෙāˇ…ි āˇ€ෙāļēි.

1942 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļŊෙāˇƒ āļąāļ¸් āļšෙāļģුāļĢු āļ…āļ­āļģ, āļ‘āˇ„ි āˇාāļš āˇ„ා āˇƒāļ­්āˇ€ āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āļģැāļš āļœැāļąීāļ¸ āļšෙ‍āļģෙāˇ„ි āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āļ…āˇ€āļ°ාāļąāļē āļēොāļ¸ු āˇ€āļą්āļąāļ§ āˇ€ිāļē. āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļšāļ§āļēුāļ­ු āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇƒංāļģāļš්āˇ‚āļĢāļē āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļąැāˇ€āļ­ āˇ€āļģāļš් āļ†āļģāļ¸්āļˇ āˇ€ූāļēේ 1960āļ¯ී āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļ†āļ ාāļģ්āļē āļģාāļĸා āļ¯ āˇƒිāļŊ්āˇ€ා āļ¸āˇ„āļ­ාāļœේ āļ¸ූāļŊිāļšāļ­්āˇ€āļē āļēāļ§āļ­ේāļē.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­ āļĸāļą āˇ€ිāˇ්āˇ€ාāˇƒ āļģැāˇƒāļšāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊ්āˇ€ූ āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļēāļšි. āļ¸ෙāļē āļ¸ුāļŊ් āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļēāļš්āˇ‚ āļœෝāļ­්‍āļģිāļš āļĸāļąāļ­ාāˇ€āļš් āˇ€ිāˇƒූ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēāļš් āļļāˇ€ āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģāˇ€ාāļ¯āļēේ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„āļą් āļšāļģුāļĢāļšි. āļģාāˇ€āļĢ āˇƒāļ¸්āļļāļą්āļ¯āˇ€ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ„ා āļļැāļ¯ුāļĢු āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģāˇ€ාāļ¯āļēāļš් āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļēි. āļģාāˇ€āļĢ āļ­āļ¸āļą්āļ§ āļšāˇ… āļ¸āļ¯ිāļ´ුංāļ ිāļšāļ¸āļ§ āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ිāļ ාāļģāļēāļš්‌ āļŊෙāˇƒ āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēාāˇ€ේ āļģාāļ¸ āļģāļĸුāļœේ āļļිāˇƒāˇ€ āˇ€ූ āˇƒීāļ­ා āļ¯ේāˇ€ිāļē āļ´ැāˇ„ැāļģāļœෙāļą āˇ€ිāļ­් āļŊංāļšා āļ´ුāļģāļēේ āˇƒුāļģāļš්‍āˇ‚ිāļ­āˇ€ āļģāļŗāˇ€ා āļ­ැāļļූ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ‡āļē āˇƒොāļēා āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āļģාāļ¸ āļģāļĸුāļœේ āˇƒāˇ„ෝāļ¯āļģ āļŊāļš්‍āˇ‚්āļ¸āļą් āļšුāļ¸āļģු āˇ„ා āļ…ැāļ­ි āˇ€ූ āļēුāļ¯්āļ°āļēේ āļ¯ී āļŊāļš්āˇ‚්āļ¸āļĢāļœේ āļ…ැāļ­ි āˇ€ූ āļ­ුāˇ€ාāļŊāļēāļ§ āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āļ–āˇ‚āļ° āˇƒොāļēා āˇ„āļąුāļ¸āļą්āļ­ා āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēාāˇ€ේ āˇ„ිāļ¸ාāļŊāļēāļ§ āļœිāļēāļ­් āļ”āˇ„ුāļ§ āļ”āˇƒුāˇ€ේ āļąāļ¸ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļš āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļąිāˇƒා āļ”āˇ„ු āˇ„ිāļ¸ාāļŊāļēෙāļą් āļ”āˇƒු āļ´ැāˇ…ෑāļ§ි āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēāļ¸ āļœāļŊāˇ€ා āļœෙāļą āļ…ා āļļāˇ€ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„āļą් āˇ€ෙāļēි. āļ‘āļ¸ āļšāļŗු āļšොāļ§āˇƒිāļą් āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš්‌ āļšැāļŠී āˇ€ැāļ§ී  āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯āļ§ āļēාāˇ€ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļ–āˇ‚āļ° āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē āˇ€ී āļ‡āļ­ි āļļāˇ€ ‌ āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģāˇ€ාāļ¯āļēāļšිāļą් āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļēි. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģා āļ‰āļģāļģාāļĸ, āˇƒāļŗāļģාāļĸ, āļļිං āļšොāˇ„ොāļš, āˇ€ැāļąි āļ¯ුāļģ්āļŊāļˇ āļœāļĢāļēේ āļļෙāˇ„ෙāļ­් āļ´ැāˇ…ෑāļ§ි āļļොāˇ„ොāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ­āˇ€āļ¸āļ­් āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āˇ€āļąāļēේ āļ‡āļ­ි āļļāˇ€ āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒේ.

āļ¸āˇ„ාāˇ€ංāˇāļēේ "āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨ āļ´āļļ්āļļāļ­" āļēāļąුāˇ€ෙāļą් āļ¯ැāļš්āˇ€ෙāļą්āļąේ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļļāˇ€ āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒāļĨāļēāļą්āļœේ āļ¸āļ­āļēāļēි.



āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļē āļ†āˇ්‍āļģිāļ­ āļ†āļģාāļ¸ āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļēāļ§ āļ¯ීāļģ්āļ āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒāļēāļš් āļ…ැāļ­. āˇƒූāļģāļ­ිāˇƒ්āˇƒ āļģāļĸු( āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. 187-177) āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗු āļ´ාāļ¸ුāļŊ āļ¸āļšුāļŊāļš āˇ€ිāˇ„ාāļģāļē āļšāļģāˇ€ා āļ…ැāļ­ි āļļāˇ€ āˇƒāļ¯āˇ„āļą් āˇ€ේ. āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āˇƒිāļēāˇ€āˇƒේ āˇƒෙāļŊ්āļŊිāļ´ිāļēāļš āļ…āļģිāļ§ āˇ€ිāˇ„ාāļģāļēāļ§ āļ…āļļāļ¯āˇ…āļš āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ැāˇ€ āļ´ූāļĸා āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļœැāļą āļšිāļēැāˇ€ෙāļēි. āļŊāļĸ්āļĸāļ­ිāˇƒ්āˇƒ āļģāļĸු( āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. 119-110) āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨ āˇ€ිāˇ„ාāļģāļē āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļšāļģ āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ිāˇƒංāˇƒ්āļšāļģāļĢāļē āļšāļģ āļ­āļąāˇ€ා āļ­ිāļļේ. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ුāˇ€āļą āˇƒේāļą ( āļš්‍āļģි. āˇ€. 831-851) āļģāļĸුāļ­් āļ¸ේ āˇ€ිāˇ„ාāļģāļēāļ§ āļ…āļąුāļœ්‍āļģāˇ„āļē āļ¯ැāļš්āˇ€ූ āļģāļĸāļšෙāļąෙāļšි. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ුāˇ€āļą āļ´āļģාāļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļļාāˇ„ු āļģāļĸු āļģුāˇ„ුāļĢේ āļ¸ාāļąාāļˇāļģāļĢāļ§ āļ‘āļģෙāˇ„ිāˇ€ āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗු āļ†āˇ්‍āļģිāļ­āˇ€ āļļāļŊāļšොāļ§ු āļ­āļąා āˇƒේāļąා āˇƒංāˇ€ිāļ°ාāļąāļē āļšāˇ… āļļāˇ€āļ¯ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āļą් āˇ€ේ.

āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļ´ාāļŊāļą āˇƒāļ¸āļēේ 1872 āļ¯ී āļĸේāļ¸්āˇƒ් āļ¸ැāļą්āļ§āļŊ් āļąāļ¸් āļ¸ිāļąිāļą්āļ¯ෝāļģුāˇ€ා āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ¸ාāˇƒ āļ­ුāļąāļš් āļąැāˇ€āļ­ී āˇƒිāļ§ āļ¸ැāļąුāļ¸් āļšāļ§āļēුāļ­ු āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. 1890 āļ¯ී āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¯ිāˇƒාāļ´āļ­ි āļ†āļģ්. āļŠāļļ්. āļ…āļēිāˇ€āļģ්āˇƒ් āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļą āļ†āˇƒāļą්āļą āļ­ැāļąිāļ­āļŊා āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš āļąිāˇ€āˇ„āļąāļš් āļ­āļąāˇ€ා āļœෙāļą āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇƒිāˇƒිāļŊ් āļ¯ේāˇāļœුāļĢāļēේ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒ āļŊāļļාāļœෙāļą āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āļļāˇ€āļ¯ āļšිāļēැāˇ€ෙāļēි. āˇ„ෙāļą්āļģි āļ§්‍āļģāļēිāļ¸āļą් 1887 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇාāļš āļœැāļą āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļē āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēා āļšොāļ¸āˇƒාāļģිāˇƒ් āļ‘āļ ්. āˇƒී. āļ´ී. āļļෙāļŊ් 1883 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€āˇƒ්āļ­ු āļœැāļą āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļē āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļේ.

āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļšāļŊාāˇ€ිāļēේ āļ‹āˇƒāļ¸ āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļē āˇ€ූ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ‹āˇƒ āļ…āļŠි 2514āļš් (āļ¸ීāļ§āļģ් 765). āļ…āļ´ āļģāļ§ේ āļ¸āļ°්‍āļē āļšāļŗුāļšāļģāļēāļ­් āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēාāˇ€ේ āļšāļŗුāļ­් āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļ‹āˇƒිāļą් āˇ€ැāļŠිāļ¸ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļąිāˇƒා āļ‘āļē āļˇූ āˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļšāˇ€ āļ¯ āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āˇ€ූ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēāļšි. āļ’ āˇ€āļœේāļ¸ āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ිāļēāļ­් āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āˇාāļš āļģාāˇිāļēāļš් āˇ€ැāˇ€ෙāļą āˇƒිāˇƒිāļŊ් āļ¯ේāˇāļœුāļĢāļēāļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļēāļš් āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ´ැāˇ€āļ­ීāļ¸āļ¯ āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚āļ­්āˇ€āļēāļšි. 

āļ¸ේ āļąිāˇƒාāļ¸ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļē 1931 āļ¯ී āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļ­් āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļēේ āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊāļ­්āˇ€āļē āˇ„ෙāļš්āļ§āļēාāļģ් 1528āļš්. āļ‘āļēāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģāˇ€ āļšāļŗු āļ´ාāļ¸ුāļŊ āļąāļ§āļļුāļą් āļ†āļģාāļ¸ āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļē āļ‡āļ­ුāˇ…āļ­් āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ 690āļš් āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēා āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļŊෙāˇƒ āļ´්‍āļģāļšාāˇ āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļේ.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļē āļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļšāļŗු āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļšිāļą්āļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€ූāˇ€āļšි. āļ–āˇ‚āļ° āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļšොāļŠිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ‹āļĢ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ†āļŦිāļēා āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ´āˇ…āļ­ුāļģු āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ…āļ¸āļģාāļ´āļ­ි āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ‹āļŊ්āļ´āļ­් āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļēāļą āļšāļŗු āˇ„āļ­āļš්‌ āļ‘āļēāļ§ āļ…āļēāļ­්āļē. āļšāļ§ාāļģāļ¸් āļšොāļ§āļą āļŊāļ¯ āļœāļŊ් āļŊෙāļą් 74 āļš්‌āļ¯ āļļ්‍āļģාāˇ„්āļ¸ීāļē āļ…āļš්‍āˇ‚āļģāˇ€āļŊිāļą් āļŊිāļēāļą āļŊāļ¯ āˇිāļŊා āļŊේāļ›āļą 152 āļš්‌āļ¯ āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļ…āļœāļēāļš්‌ āļ‡āļ­ි āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ° āļœොāļŠāļąැāļœිāļŊි 140 āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļąāļ§āļļුāļą්āļ¯ āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļ´ොāļšුāļĢāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ āˇෛāļŊāļ¸āļē āļ´ෙāļ­්āļ¸āļœāļš් āļ¯  āļ…āļ¯āļ§āļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯ී āļ¯ැāļš āļļāļŊා āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āļ¸ෙāˇ€ැāļąි āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´āļ­් āļģැāˇƒāļšිāļą් āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€āļąāļē āļąāļģāļšāļą්āļąāļą්āļ§ āļ¸ෙāļģāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒāļē āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļļāļ¯ āˇ€ිāˇƒ්āļ¸āļĸāļąāļš āˇƒාāļš්āˇ‚ි āļ´ෙāļą්āˇ€ා āļ¯ෙāļēි.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļēāļąු āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļĸෛāˇ€ āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ°āļ­්āˇ€āļēāļš් āļ‡āļ­ි āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļēāļšි. āˇ€āļģ්āˇ‚ 1935 āļ¯ී āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇාāļš āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļļāļŗ āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļēāļš් āļšāˇ… āļ´ී. āļŠී. āļ†āļģ්. āļĸāļēāļēූāļģිāļē āļ•āļšිāļŠ් āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ 27āļš් āˇƒොāļēාāļœāļą්āļąා āļŊāļ¯ි. āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļē āˇ€āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļēෙāļą් āˇ„āļ¸ුāˇ€ී āļ‡āļ­ි āˇාāļš āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āˇƒංāļ›්‍āļēාāˇ€ 418āļš් āˇ€ේ. āļ‰āļą් āļ¸āļŊ් āļ´ිāļ´ෙāļą āˇාāļš āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āˇƒංāļ›්‍āļēාāˇ€ 338āļšි. āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚āļ­්āˇ€āļē āļąāļ¸් āļ¸ේ āļ…āļ­āļģිāļą් āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ 113āļš් āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āļ’āˇ€ා āˇ€ීāļ¸āļēි. 2008 āļ¯ී āļšāˇ… āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļēāļšāļ¯ී āļ´āļš්āˇ‚ි āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ 97āļš් āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇƒāļģāļą āļļāˇ€ āˇ„ෙāˇ…ි āˇ€ිāļē. āļ…āļŊිāļēා, āˇ€āļŊāˇƒා, āļœෝāļąා, āļšොāļ§ිāļēා āļ‡āļ­ුāˇ…ු āļš්āˇ‚ීāļģāļ´ාāļēී āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āļģැāˇƒāļš් āļ¸ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇ€ාāˇƒāļē āļšāļģāļą āļļāˇ€āļ§ āˇƒාāļš්āˇ‚ි āˇ„ෙāˇ…ි āˇ€ී āļ‡āļ­.

āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļēේ āļ´āˇ„āˇ…āļ¸ āļšොāļ§āˇƒ (āļļිāļ¸් āļ…āļŠāˇ€ිāļē) āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ි āļ¸ිāˇ්‍āļģ āˇƒāļ¯ාāˇ„āļģිāļ­ āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļ¸āļē āļŊāļš්‍āˇ‚āļĢ āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģ āļ‡āļ­ි āļ´ෙāļ¯ෙāˇƒāļšි. āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ¸ොāļģ, āˇ„āļŊ්āļ¸ිāļŊ්āļŊ, āļšāļŊුāˇ€āļģ, āˇ€ීāļģ, āļ´āļŊු, āļąා āˇ€ැāļąි āˇ€ිāļēāˇ…ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āˇාāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļēි.

āļšāļŗුāˇ€ැāļ§ිāļē āļ¸āļ°්‍āļē āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´ීāļē āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģ āļŊāļš්‍āˇ‚āļĢāļēි. āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේāˇāļēේ āļ‡āļ§āļš, āļšුāļŠුāļ¯āˇ€ුāļŊා, āļ•āļ¸ාāļģ, āļšැāļą්āļ¯, āļąා āˇ€ැāļąි āˇාāļš āˇƒුāļŊāļˇāˇ€ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē.

āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļąේ āļ‰āˇ„āˇ… āļšොāļ§āˇƒේ āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą්āļąේ āļ‹āļ´ āļšāļŗුāļšāļģ āļšāļŊාāļ´ීāļē āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāˇ€āļŊ āˇƒ්‌āˇ€āļˇාāˇ€āļēāļēි. āļąෙāļŊු, āļļිāļąāļģ, āļšැāļšුāļĢ, āļ¯ුāļ¸් āˇ€ැāļąි āˇාāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇ€ැāļŠී āļ‡āļ­.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊāļ§āļ¸ āļ†āˇ€ේāļĢිāļš āˇ€ූ āˇාāļš āˇ€ිāˇේāˇ‚ āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļš් āļ¯  āˇ„āļ¸ුāˇ€ී āļ­ිāļļේ. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ­āļ¸්āļļāļĸිāļēා, āļœāļŊ් āļšāļ´්āļ´āļģ āˇ€āļŊ්āļŊිāļē, āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¸ී āļēāļą āˇාāļš āļ’ āļ…āļ­āļģ āˇ€ේ.āļ¸ීāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģāˇ€ āļ¯ුāļŊāļļ āļ–āˇ‚āļ°ීāļē āˇාāļš āˇ€āļą āļ‰āļģāļģාāļĸ, āˇƒāļŗāļģාāļĸ, āˇ€āļąāļģාāļĸ, āļąāļœා āļ¸ැāļģු āļ…āļŊ, āˇ€ෙāļŊ්āļŊංāļœිāļģිāļē, āļļිāļ¸් āļšොāˇ„ොāļš, āļĸāļ§ා āļ¸āļšුāļ§  āˇ€ැāļąි āˇාāļš āļ¯ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āˇƒුāļŊāļˇāˇ€ āˇ€ැāˇ€ී āļ‡āļ­.




āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļ´āļģිāˇƒāļģ āļ´āļ¯්āļ°āļ­ිāļēāļšāļ§ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸āļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļą āˇ€ිāˇƒ්āļ¸ිāļ­ āļĸෛāˇ€ āˇ€ිāˇ€ිāļ°āļ­්āˇ€āļēāļšිāļą් āˇ„ෙāļļි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි, āļ¯ීāļģ්āļœ āļ“āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒිāļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි, āļšෟāˇ‚āļ°ීāļē āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි āļ‘āļ¸ෙāļą්āļ¸ āļ´ාāļģිāˇƒāļģිāļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āˇ€āļą āļ´ිāļēāˇƒāļš් āˇ€ීāļ¸ āˇ්‍āļģී āļŊාංāļšිāļš āļ…āļ´ි āļŊāļ¯ āļˇාāļœ්‍āļēāļēāļšි. āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ…āļ´ූāļģ්āˇ€āļ­්āˇ€āļē āļ¯ැāļš āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āļ¯ෙāˇƒ් āˇ€ිāļ¯ෙāˇƒ් āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļą් āļļොāˇ„ොāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢෙāļēි. 

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļļāļŊāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ‘āļą āļ”āļļ āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ´āļģිāˇƒāļģāļēේ āˇƒිāˇƒිāļŊ āˇ€ිāļ¯ āļ´ිāļē āˇƒāļ§āˇ„āļą් āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļ‰āļ­ිāļģිāļšāļģ āļ†āļ´āˇƒු āļēāļą්āļąෙāļšු āˇ€ේ āļąāļ¸් āļ…āļœāļąා āļļāˇ€ āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļš āˇƒāˇ„ෘāļ¯āļēāļą්āļ§ āļ¸āļ­āļš් āļšāļģāļą āļ…āļ­āļģ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āˇ€āļą āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­āļē āˇ„ා āļ’ āˇ„ා āļļැāļ¯ුāļĢු ෙāļ‘āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒිāļš āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ෘāļ­්āļ­āļēāļą් āļ…āļąාāļœāļ­āļē  āˇ€ෙāļąුāˇ€ෙāļą් āˇƒංāļģāļš්āˇ‚āļĢāļē āļšොāļ§ āļ­āļļා āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļ´ි āˇ€āļœ āļļāļŊා āļœāļąිāļ¸ු.




✍️ | āˇƒāļ¯āļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģāˇƒේāļšāļģ - āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA

📸 | Respective Owners

āļ¸ූāļŊාāˇ්‍āļģ ; www.wikipedia.com

              āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨āļ´āļļ්āļļāļ­ āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ -                        āļ‘āļŊ්āļŊාāˇ€āļŊ āļ¸ේāļ°ාāļąāļą්āļ¯ āˇ„ිāļ¸ි

              āļ¸ැāļšී āļēāļą āˇ€āļą āļ´ෙāļ­් - āļŠāļœ්āļŊāˇƒ් āļļී. āļģāļĢāˇƒිංāˇ„

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Wednesday, 22 March 2023

āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒāļē...(Queens Hotel)

**āˇ€āļ­්āļ¸āļą් āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āˇ€ුāļĢු āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ 🌆

āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļœāļģāļēේ āļąුāˇ€āļģ āˇ€ැāˇ€ āˇ„ෙāˇ€āļ­් āļšිāļģි āļ¸ුāˇ„ුāļ¯āļ§ āļ¸ුāˇ„ුāļĢ āļŊා āļ¯āˇ…āļ¯ා āļ¸ාāļŊිāļœාāˇ€ āļ´ෙāļąෙāļą āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļœෘāˇ„āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āļŊāļš්āˇ‚āļĢ āļ¸āļ­ු āļšāļģāļą āˇƒුāļ¯ු āļ´ැāˇ„ැāļēෙāļą් āˇ€āļģ්āļĢāˇ€āļ­් āˇ€ූ āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ āļ¸āļą්āļ¯ිāļģāļē āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģāļ§ āļēāļą āļšාāļ§āļ­් āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļš āļąොāˇ€āļą āˇƒ්āļ¸ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්. āļ’ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąි āˇƒāļ¸āļēේ āļ´āļ§āļą් āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļ¸āļ­āļš āˇƒāļ§āˇ„āļą් āļģාāˇිāļēāļš් āˇƒāļŸāˇ€ා āļœāļ­්   āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļēි.

āļ¸ුāļŊිāļą් āļ¸ āļ¸ෙāļ­ැāļą āļ­ිāļļී āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąිāļēේ āļ¯ිāˇƒාāˇ€ āˇ€āļģāļēෙāļš් āˇ€ූ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්āļœේ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ āļēි.  āļļොāˇ„ෝ āļ¯ෙāļąා āļ¸ෙāļē āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļŊෙāˇƒ āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āļ¯ැāļą āˇƒිāļ§ිāļēāļ­් āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļē āļąāļ¸් āˇ€ැāļŠි āļ´ිāļģිāˇƒāļš් āļ¯āļą්āļąේ āļąැāˇ„ැ. āļ…āˇ€ුāļģුāļ¯ු 160āļšāļ§ āļ…āļ°ිāļš āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒāļēāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ’ āļģāˇƒāļļāļģ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļē āˇƒොāļēා āļœිāļē āļ ාāļģිāļšාāˇ€āļš් āļ­āļ¸āļēි āļ¸ේ.

1.āļ‰āļ­ිāˇ„ාāˇƒ āļšāļ­ාāˇ€

āļŊෝāļš āļ‹āļģුāļ¸ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ†āļģāļš්āˇ‚ිāļ­ āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ිāļ¯්‍āļēා āˇƒ්āļ¸ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්  āļŊෙāˇƒ āļąāļ¸් āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļšාāļ¸āļģ 78āļšිāļą් āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ āˇƒිāˇ€්āļ¸āˇ„āļŊ් āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš්. āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļšැāļ´ී āļ´ෙāļąෙāļą āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āļŊෙāˇƒāļ­් āļ‘āļē āļ´්‍āļģāļšāļ§ āļēි. āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ¯ී āˇ€āļģ්āˇ‚ 1815 āļ¸ාāļģ්āļ­ු 2 āˇ€ැāļąි āļ¯ා  āļ…āˇƒ්āˇƒāļą් āļšāˇ… āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļœිāˇ€ිāˇƒුāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļąුāˇ€ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąිāļē āļ‡āļ­ුāˇ…ු āˇƒāļ¸āˇƒ්āļ­ āļŊංāļšාāˇ€ āļ¸ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļ…āļ°ිāļģාāļĸ්‍āļē්‍āļēāļ§ āļēāļ§āļ­් āˇ€ුāļĢා. āļ¸ේ āļœිāˇ€ිāˇƒුāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļ­්āˇƒāļą් āļšāˇ… āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļĸāļą āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļąිāļēෙāļš් āˇ€ුāļĢේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸ āļēි. āļ’ āˇ€āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ”āˇ„ු āˇ€āļŊāļ´āļąේ āļ¯ිāˇƒාāˇ€ āļļාāļģ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්āˇ€āļģāļēා āˇ€ුāļĢා.

āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්āļœේ āļ¸āˇ„ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļąේ āļ¸ාāļ­āļŊේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āļœāļ¸ේ āļēි. āļ‘āļē āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ¸ිāļ¯ුāļŊ් āˇ„āļ­āļšිāļą් āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ āļˇාāļœāļēāļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āļļāˇ€āļēි āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļą්āļąේ. āļŠāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ āˇ€ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļēේ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāˇ€āļ§ āļ…āļœāļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ”āˇ„ු āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšāˇ… āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ āļ­āļ¸āļēි āļ…āļ¯ āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āļļිāļ¸ේ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļĢේ. āļŠāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ āˇ€ āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļ¸āļ­āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ේ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€, āļ¯ුāļąුāˇ€ිāļŊ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€, āļ‡āˇ„ැāļŊේāļ´ොāˇ… āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€, āļœිāļģාāļœāļ¸, āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€, āļ¸ුāļŊ්āļŊේāļœāļ¸ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€, āļ‡āļ­ුāˇ…ු āˇ€āļŊāˇ€් 18āļš් āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා.

āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒිāļą් āļ…āļ­āļ§ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē āļ¸ාāļģුāˇ€ූ āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸ āļ­āļ¸ āļœāļ¸ āˇ€ූ āļ¸ාāļ­āļŊේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€āļ§ āļœිāļē āļļāˇ€āļēි āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļą්āļąේ. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ”āˇ„ුāļœේ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ āˇ€āļœේ āļ¸ āļ…āļąෙāļš් āˇ€āļŊāˇ€් āˇƒිāļēāļŊ්āļŊ āļ¸ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļą්āļœේ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļēොāļ¯ා āļœāļ­්āļ­ා. āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒිāļą් āˇƒāļ¸āˇ„āļģ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€් āļšāļŠා āļ¯āļ¸ා āˇ€ෙāļąāļ­් āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊි āļ‰āļ¯ි āļšāˇ…ා.

āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļģāļĸ āˇ€ාāˇƒāļŊāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ා āļąුāļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ āˇ€āļ§āļ´ිāļ§ාāˇ€āļš āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ි āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ 1818 āļ¯ී āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģිāˇƒි āļ†āļĢ්‌āļŠුāļšාāļģ āļąිāļŊ āļąිāˇ€āˇƒ āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ­ාāˇ€āļšාāļŊිāļš āˇ€ āļ´āļ­් āˇ€ුāļĢා.  āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ´āļ¯ිංāļ ි āˇ€ූ āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēා āļŊෙāˇƒ āˇƒැāļŊāļšෙāļą්āļąේ āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģිāˇƒි āļąේāˇ€ාāˇƒිāļš āļąිāļēෝāļĸිāļ­ āļĸෝāļą් āļŠොāļēිāļŊි āļēි. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ 1840 āļ¯ී  āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒිāļą් āļēāļ§āļ­ේ āļŊංāļšාāˇ€āļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢ āˇƒāļ§āļą්āˇ€āļŊāļ§ āļ‘āļš්āˇ€ූ āļšුāļŊී āˇ„āļ¸ුāļ¯ාāˇ€āļš් āˇ€ූ āļ¸ැāļŊේ āļģāļēිāļ´āļŊ් āˇ„āļ¸ුāļ¯ාāˇ€ේ āļļැāļģැāļš්āļšāļēāļš් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āˇ€ුāļĢා. āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€  āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊ “āļ¸āļŊāļļාāļģ් āļąිāˇ€āˇƒ” āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āˇ„ැāļŗිāļą්āˇ€ුāļĢා. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ‘āļē āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšāļģ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ  āļēුāļ¯ āˇ„āļ¸ුāļ¯ා āļģෝāˇ„āļŊāļšāļ§ āļēි.

2.āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļšුāļŠා āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš්

1850 āˇ€āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ…āˇ€āļ§ āˇ€āļ­ුāˇ€āļœාāˇ€ āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා. āļ¸ේ āļąිāˇƒා āļēුāļģෝāļ´ීāļēāļēāļą්āļ§ āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģāļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āˇ€ිāļ§ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āˇ€ුāļĢා.  āļ‘āļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļ‘āļš්‌ āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš, āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ේ āļ…ංāˇāļēāļš āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģිāˇƒි āļĸාāļ­ිāļš ‘āˇƒ්‌āļ§ෙāļą්āˇƒ්‌ āļąāļ¸් āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļšාāļą්āļ­ාāˇ€ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģිāˇƒි āļĸාāļ­ිāļšāļēිāļą් āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļšුāļŠා āļˇෝāļĸāļąාāļœාāļģāļēāļš්‌ āˇƒāˇ„ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą්āļ´āˇ…āļš්‌ āļ´āˇ€āļ­්āˇ€ාāļœෙāļą āļœිāļēා. āļ‘āļē āˇƒ්āļ§ේāļą්āˇƒ්  āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āˇ„ැāļŗිāļą්āˇ€ුāļĢා. 

āļ¸ේ āˇ€āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊ් āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ේ āˇƒ්āˇ€āļģූāļ´āļē āˇ€ෙāļąāˇƒ් āˇ€ෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ´ැāˇ€āļ­ුāļĢා. āˇ€āļŠා āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļēāļ­ාāˇ€ āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģāļ§ āļ¯ැāļąෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා. āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļš් āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšිāļģීāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒ්āļ§ෙāļą්āˇƒ්āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšිāļēාāˇ€āļš් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢේ āļąෑ. āļ¸ේ āļąිāˇƒා āˇƒ්‌āļ§ෙāļą්āˇƒ්‌ āļ¸āˇ„āļ­්āļ¸ිāļē āļģූāļŠ් 2 āļēි, āļ´āļģ්āļ āˇƒ්‌ 8 1/2 āļš්‌ āˇ€ූ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑāˇ€ āˇ€āļŊāˇ€්āˇ€ේ āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš āļ‰āļ¯ි āˇ€ූ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļš්‍āļģිāˇƒ්āļ­ු āˇ€āļģ්āˇ‚ 1879 āļ¯ී āˇ„āļ¸ුāļ¯ා āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēāļšුāļœේ āļ¯ිāļēāļĢිāļēāļš් āˇ€ූ  ‘āļ‘āļŊිāˇƒāļļෙāļ­් āļ´ිāļēාāˇ‚ෝ’ āļąāļ¸් āļ°āļąāˇ€āļ­් āļšාāļą්āļ­ාāˇ€āļ§ āˇ€ිāļšිāļĢුāˇ€ා. āļ’ āˇ€āļŠා āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš් āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšිāļģීāļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēි.

3.āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āˇ€ෙāļēි

āļ´ිāļēාāˇ‚ෝ, āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļœෘāˇ„ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēāļ§ āļ…āļąුāˇ€ āˇƒāļšāˇƒ් āļšāˇ… āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āˇ€ āˇ€āļŠාāļ­් āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­āļą්āļ´ොāˇ…āļš් āļļāˇ€āļ§ āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ´āļģිāˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļąāļē āļšāˇ…ා.  āļ‘āˇ„ි āļąāļ¸ “āļ´ිāļēාāˇ‚ෝ āļšොāļ§ේāļĸ්” āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āˇ€ෙāļąāˇƒ් āļšāˇ…ා. āļ‘ංāļœāļŊāļą්āļ­āļēේ āˇ€ිāļš්āļ§ෝāļģිāļēා āļģැāļĸāļąāļœේ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē āˇƒිāˇ„ිāļ´āļ­්āˇ€ීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąāļ¸  āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āļ¯ āˇ€ෙāļąāˇƒ් āļšāˇ…ා.  āļ¸ේ āļąāļ¸ āļēුāļģෝāļ´ීāļēāļēāļą් āļ…āļ­āļģāļ­් āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļē āˇ€ුāļĢා.  āļ‘āļ¯ා āˇƒිāļ§ āļ…āļ¯ āļ¯āļš්āˇ€ා āļ¸ āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­ āļšāļģāļą්āļąේ āļ‘āļ¸ āļąāļ¸ āļēි.  

 4.āļŊෝāļšāļē āļ´ුāļģා āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļē āˇ€ෙāļēි

19 āˇ€āļą āˇƒිāļēāˇ€āˇƒ āļ…āˇ€āˇƒāļą් āˇ€āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļŊංāļšාāˇ€ේ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļąොāˇ€ āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļēāļ§āļ­් āˇ€ිāļĸිāļ­ āļŊෝāļšāļēේ āļļොāˇ„ෝ āļģāļ§āˇ€āļŊ āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļēāļ­්āˇ€āļēāļ§ āļ´āļ­්āˇ€ුāļĢා. āˇ€āļ­ු āˇ€ැāˇ€ිāļŊිāļšāļģුāˇ€āļą් āˇ„āļ¸ුāˇ€ීāļ¸, āˇƒāļ¸්āļ¸āļą්āļ­්‍āļģāļĢ āļ´ැāˇ€ැāļ­්āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļąොāˇ€ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§āļ­් āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ­ිāļļූ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ‘āļš āļ¸ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āˇ€ුāļĢේ āļš්āˇ€ීāļą්āˇƒ් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļēි. āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļ‡āˇƒāˇ… āļ´ෙāļģāˇ„āļģ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ­ුāˇ… āˇƒිāļ§ āļ¸ āļąැāļģāļšීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšිāˇ€ීāļ¸ āļąිāˇƒා āˇ€ිāļ¯ේāˇිāļšāļēāļą් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļ§ āˇ€āļŠාāļ­් āļšැāļ¸ැāļ­්āļ­āļš් āļ¯ැāļš්āˇ€ූāˇ€ා. āļ…āļ¯āļ­් āļ‡āˇƒāˇ… āļ´ෙāļģāˇ„āļģ āˇƒāļ¸āļēāļ§ āļ¸ෙāļē āˇ€ිāļ¯ේāˇිāļš āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්āļœෙāļą් āļ´ිāļģී āļēāļąāˇ€ා.

āļ´ිāļēāˇෝ āļšුāļ¸āļģිāļē 1895 āˇ€āˇƒāļģේ āļ¯ී āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļšැāļą්āļŠි āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āˇƒāļ¸ාāļœāļ¸āļ§ āˇ€ිāļšුāļĢා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ‰āļą්āļ´āˇƒු āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļœෘāˇ„ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēāļ§ āļ…āļąුāˇ€ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ිāˇƒංāˇƒ්āļšāļģāļĢ āˇƒිāļ¯ු āļšāˇ…ා.  āļš්‍āļģිāˇƒ්āļ­ු āˇ€āļģ්āˇ‚ 1900 -1908 āļ…āļ­āļģ āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąැāļŸෙāļąāˇ„ිāļģ āˇ„ා āļļāˇƒ්āļąාāˇ„ිāļģ  āļ…āļą්āļ­āˇ€āļŊāļ§ āļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļšොāļ§āˇƒ් āļšිāˇ„ිāļ´āļēāļš් āļ‘āļšāļ­ු āļšāļģ āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļšිāļģීāļ¸āļš් āˇƒිāļ¯ුāˇ€ුāļĢා. 1911 āˇ€āˇƒāļģේ āļ¯ී āļšොāˇ…āļš āļšොāļ¸āļģ්āˇ‚āļŊ් āˇƒāļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļ¸ේ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ¸ිāļŊ āļ¯ී āļœāļ­්āļ­ා. āļ‘āļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļļෝāļŊ් āļģූāļ¸් āˇාāļŊාāˇ€āļš් āļ‰āļ¯ි āļšāˇ…ා. āļ…āļœāļ¸ැāļ­ිāļąී āˇƒිāļģිāļ¸ාāˇ€ෝ āļļāļĢ්āļŠාāļģāļąාāļēāļšāļœේ 1970 āļ´ාāļŊāļą āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļģāļĸāļēāļ§ āļ´āˇ€āļģා āļœැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ´āˇƒු āļ‘āˇ„ි āļ…āļēිāļ­ිāļē āļŊංāļšා āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āˇƒංāˇƒ්āļŽාāˇ€ āˇƒāļ­ුāˇ€ුāļĢා. āļ´āˇƒුāˇ€ āļ‘āˇ„ි āļģāļĸāļēේ āļ…āļēිāļ­ිāļēāļ§ āˇ„ිāļ¸ි āļšොāļ§āˇƒ් āļĸāļąාāļ°ිāļ´āļ­ිāļąි āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģිāļšා āļšුāļ¸ාāļģāļ­ුංāļœ  āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී āˇ€ිāļšුāļĢා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ‘āļē āļ…āļ¯ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē āˇ€āļą්āļąේ āļšැāļą්āļŠි āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āˇƒāļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļēāļ§āļ­ේ.

 5.āļ´ුāļ¯්āļœāļŊāļēāļą්āļœේ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļąāļš්

āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ¯ිāļœ āļ†āˇƒිāļēාāˇ€ේ āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļąāļ­ āļ¸ āļēāļ§āļ­්āˇ€ිāļĸිāļ­ āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēෙāļš් āˇ€ුāļĢු āļ¸āˇ€ුāļą්āļ§් āļļැāļ§āļą් āˇƒාāļ¸ිāˇ€āļģāļēාāļ­් āļ¸ේ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļ§ āļąිāļ­āļģ āļ† āļœිāļē āļšෙāļąෙāļš් āˇ€ිāļ¯ිāˇ„āļ§ āļ´්‍āļģāˇƒිāļ¯්āļ° āļēි. 1890 āļ¯ී āļ‡āļą්āļ§āļą් āļ ෙāļšොāˇ€් āļŊංāļšාāˇ€āļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āļ…āˇ€āˇƒ්āļŽාāˇ€ේāļ¯ෘāļ­් āļ¸ේ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœෙāļą āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා.  āļ¸ේ āˇƒිāļēāļŊු āļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ¯āˇ…āļ¯ා āļ¸ාāļŊිāļœාāˇ€āļ§ āˇ„ෝ āļąුāˇ€āļģāˇ€ැāˇ€āļ§ āļ‘āˇ„ෙāļ¸āļ­් āļąැāļ­්āļąāļ¸් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļąුāļ¸් āļ­āļ§ාāļšāļē āˇ„ෝ āļ¸āˇ„āļąුāˇ€āļģ āļšāļŗුāˇ€āˇ…āļŊ්āļŊ āļ¯ෙāˇƒāļ§ āļ¸ුāˇ„ුāļĢāļŊා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා.

āļ’āˇ€ාāļēේ āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊ āļĸāļąේāļŊ āļąිāˇƒා āļ…āˇ€āļ§ āļ´āļģිāˇƒāļģāļē āˇ„ොāļŗිāļą් āļ¯ැāļš āļļāļŊා āļœāļą්āļąāļ­් āļ´ුāˇ…ුāˇ€āļą්. āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ´ිāˇ„ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļෙāļą්āļąේ āļ‘āļšිāļąෙāļšāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ා āˇ…āļŸිāļą්. āļ¸ුāļŊ් āļšාāļŊāļēේ āˇƒāļ¸āˇ„āļģ āļšාāļ¸āļģāˇ€āļŊāļ§ āˇ€ැāˇƒිāļšිāˇ…ි āˇ„ා āļąාāļąāļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ­ිāļļී āļąැāˇ„ැ. āļģාāļ­්‍āļģිāļēāļ§ āļ…āˇ€āˇ්‍āļē āˇ€ුāļĢොāļ­් āļˇාāˇ€ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļ…āļ¸ුāļ­්āļ­āļą්āļ§ āļ´ොāļ§් āļŊāļļාāļ¯ී āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ¯ැāļą් āļ’ āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ‹āļ´āļšāļģāļĢ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ āļšෞāļ­ුāļšාāļģāļēේ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšි āļēි.

āļąāˇ€ීāļą āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āļģැāˇƒāļš් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢāļ­් āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āˇƒෑāļ¸ āļ­ැāļąāļš āļ¸ āļŠāļ§ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ´ුāˇ…ුāˇ€āļą්. āļœෘāˇ„ āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠ āļ´āˇ€ා āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģීāˇƒි āļŒāļģුāˇ€āļ§ āļąෑāļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļąāˇ€ා. āļ¸ෙāˇ„ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļą āļ…āˇ€āļą්āˇ„āļŊ āˇ„āļŗුāļą්āˇ€āļą්āļąේ Queen of Hearts āļŊෙāˇƒ āļēි.  

āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļšොāļŊෝāļąිāļēāļŊ් āļœෘāˇ„āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļē āˇƒිāˇ„ිāļ´āļ­් āļšāļģāˇ€āļą āļ†āļšාāļģāļēේ āļšාāļ¸āļģ 80āļšāļ§ āļ…āļ°ිāļš āˇ€ āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āˇƒාāļ¸ාāļą්‍āļē āļšාāļ¸āļģ 83āļš් āļ¯ āļ´āˇ€ුāļŊේ āļšාāļ¸āļģ 2āļš් āļ¯ āˇƒාāļ¸ාāļą්‍āļē āˇƒූāļ§් 2āļš් āˇƒāˇ„ āˇ€ිāļ°ාāļēāļš āˇƒූāļ§් 2āļšිāļą් āļ¯ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āˇƒāļ¸āļą්āˇ€ිāļ­ āļēි. āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āļļිāļ¸ āļ´āļģ්āļ āˇƒ් 217 āˇ€ිāˇාāļŊāļ­්āˇ€āļēāļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āļēි.







✍️āˇƒāļ§āˇ„āļą ; ( āļ‹āļ´ුāļ§ාāļœැāļąීāļ¸āļšි )

āˇƒāļŗāļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģāˇƒේāļšāļģ 

Friday, 3 March 2023

āļœිāļ¸ා-GIMA Online Journal (January Edition)

 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal āļē āļ­ෙāˇ€āļą āļ¯ිāļœ āˇ„ැāļģුāļ¸đŸ˜

āļ”āļļ āˇ€ෙāļ­ āˇƒාāļ¯āļģāļēෙāļą් āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļœāļą්āˇ€āļ¸ු...🙏


*āļĸāļąāˇ€ාāļģි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļē - January Edition *


āļ…āļą්āļ­āļģ්āļœāļ­āļē...👇

✍️DREAM PLACE - āļ­ිāļŊāļą්āļĸāļą āˇƒංāļ ිāļ­් āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļāˇ„āļš්  💁

✍️āļ¸ිāˇ„ිāļą්āļ­āļŊāļē āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€ෘāļ­āļē ⛰️💚

✍️ āˇ€ිāļąිāˇ€ිāļ¯ - Vinivida Artz - āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļŊ් āļ­ීāļš්āˇ‚āļĢ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ා āļļāˇ„āļš් 💁

✍️ Secret Traveller - āˇƒāļ ිāļą් āļšāļĢිāˇ‚්āļš āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ Travel āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē💁

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āˇ„ෙāˇ… āļ”āˇƒු āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē 🍀 🍋

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļ†āˇ„ාāļģ āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē đŸŒļ️🧀🍛

✍️āļšෙāļ§ි āļšāļ­ාāˇ€ (āļąිāļŊāļ¸්āļļāļģේ āˇƒුāļ´ුāļą් āˇƒāļŗ) 💕

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļšāˇ€ි āļšāˇ…āļš  đŸŒģ















✍️ āļœිāļ¸ා












Friday, 17 February 2023

Brown Fish Owl đŸĻ‰ 🇱🇰

                         B r o w n  F i s h  O w l đŸĻ‰ 

                              W I L P A T T U 🇱🇰 

* Brown Fish Owl *

āļļොāļģ āļšෙāˇ€ුāļŊ් āļļāļšāļ¸ූāļĢා / āļ¸ාāˇ…ු āļļāļšāļ¸ූāļĢා 

āˇ€ිāļŊ්āļ´āļ­්āļ­ු āļĸාāļ­ිāļš āˇ€āļąෝāļ¯්‍āļēාāļąāļē 🇱🇰 

Scientific Name : KETUPA ZEYLONENSIS

The Brown Fish Owl spicies are distributed in Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Turkey, Iran, Bhuthan, Bangaladesh, Myanmar, Iran, Pakistan, China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Viaetnam and Malaysia. Some of these spicies are possibly extinct in Israel, Iraq, Jordan, Lebonan and Syria.

Habbits : These spicies are semi-diurnal roosting in large trees during the day time and they are leaving well before sunset. They will often fly up & down...sometimes skimming the water.

Size : Length 48-58 cm. Wing length 355-43mm. Tail length 175-214mm. Weight 1105- 1308g. Females are often larger & heavier than males. 

Feed : The Brown Fish Owls feed mainly on fish, frogs & crabs by hunting. But, they will also take birds, reptiles, snakes, lizards, rodents, shrimp & beetles. They are generally found in thick lawland forest & well-wooded country, mostly near water.

Breeding : The breeding season of Brown Fish Owl is generally from November to March. But, as at late April in Sri Lanka. The female lays one or two roundish white eggs.

📷 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA

✍️āˇƒāļŗāļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģāˇƒේāļšāļģ - Sandalee Chandrasekara 


Wednesday, 7 December 2022

āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal 01

 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal āļē āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļ¯ිāļœ āˇ„ැāļģුāļ¸đŸ˜

āļ”āļļ āˇ€ෙāļ­ āˇƒාāļ¯āļģāļēෙāļą් āļ´ිāˇ…ිāļœāļą්āˇ€āļ¸ු...🙏


* āļ¯ැāˇƒැāļ¸්āļļāļģ් āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļšāļŊාāļ´āļē - December First Edition *

āļ…āļą්āļ­āļģ්āļœāļ­āļē...👇

✍️ āļœිāļ¸ා āļ†āļģāļ¸්āļˇāļē 

✍️āļ¯ුāļ¸ිāļ¯ු āļ´ාāļ¯ෙāļĢිāļē āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļāˇ„āļš්💁

✍️āˇ€ිāˇƒ්āļ¸ිāļ­ āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āˇƒීāļœිāļģිāļē ⛰️💚

✍️3S Dancer - āˇƒāļ¸ීāļģ āļœුāļĢāļ­ිāļŊāļš āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļāˇ„āļš්

✍️āļ†āˇ„ාāļģ āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē đŸŒļ️🧀🍛

✍️āˇ„ෙāˇ… āļ”āˇƒු āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē 🍀 🍋

✍️āˇƒුāļąේāļ­්‍āļģා āļšේ. āˇ€ිāļĸේāˇƒිංāˇ„ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļāˇ„āļš්💁

✍️āļšෙāļ§ි āļšāļ­ාāˇ€ (āļ­ුāˇ‚āļģ āļąිāļ¸්āļąāļē) 💕

✍️āļšංāˇƒා āˇƒāˇ„ āˇ්‍āļģී āļŊංāļšා āļ†āļģ්āļŽිāļšāļē 🍁

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļšāˇ€ි āļšāˇ…āļš



























āļœිāļ¸ා āˇƒāļŸāļģාāˇ€ āˇ„āļģāˇ„ා āļ”āļļේ āˇ„āļ¯āˇ€āļ­āļ§ āļšāļ­ා āļšāļģāļą්āļą āļ…āļ´ි āˇƒූāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸්...āļ…āļ´ිāļ­් āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļģැāļ¯ී āˇƒිāļ§ිāļą්āļą...💙


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