Saturday, 7 December 2024

The Silent Giant in the kalawewa National Park.... 🐘

I am writing this article in the seventh day since his death....😌🐘

Deegha - 01/ Deegadanthu - 01 was one of biggest tuskers in sri lanka. First time I saw him in the kalawewa national park in 2023. And after in August of 2024. It was my second & last encounter. That tusker was so majestic. He was really amazing. His tusks and body grew as the symbol of strength. Followings are few photographs of Deega - 01 which I had taken in this year. Actually, all photographs shows his timeless beauty. He looked like a legend of the wild. 

The Kalawewa National Park is one of amazing national park in North Central Province Sri Lanka. Herds of elephants are roaming in the Kalawewa area. There are many elephants & tuskers around the Kalawewa lake. Many sighting of elephants can be seen around the kalawewa area. This park has become a tourism attractive place because of these majestic elephants. 

Deega - 01 was the symbol of Kalawewa through out this year. He was the last remaining majestic tusker in Kalawewa area. His massive tusks shows his endless beauty. Not only that, he was the second largest tusks owner in Sri Lanka. First is the Tusker Kawanthissa. 



Finally, The Sri Lankan tusker Deegadanthu - 01 had gone far away from this world. I felt that he had gone to the heaven from this cruel world. On last 29th he was died due to electricution. That matter is directly affect in the economy and the prosperity of entire country. Nation also talking about this and now it is popular news. As a photographer and nature lover i am also totaly worried about that incident. As we observed during the wildlife photography, Actually they are really calm. But, huge number of elephants have died due to human activities for past years and still happening. It is because of human - elephant conflict. It shows huge lost for the entire country. Actually as a Sri Lankan I am really worried about the fact that still we don't have a proper programme, procedure or any technique for wildlife conservation & environmental protection too. Governers also dont care about this matter. So as a nation we must stand strong to save the wildlife and nature for our future generation. And also we must find a successful solution for the human & elephant conflict. Government must make a proper plan for this disaster. Deegadanthu - 01 has also gone far away, but his memories will forever inspire in our hearts. His spirit will always blow throughout the Kalawewa....

Deega -01 has also gone like Rewatha, Bharana, Walagmbha & Deega - 02.... But we have response to save the other remaining giants...








Rest in Peace Legend.... 🙏 

✍️ Gima - āļœිāļ¸ා [ Sandalee Chandrasekara ]

#standstrongtosavethewildlife #savethewildlife #savetheelephants #savethetuskers #letssavethewildlife

Monday, 28 October 2024

The Tusker Mahasen 🇱🇰 🐘

The Majestic Tusker....🐘 

Mahasen......

This gentle giant is the oldest tusker in sri lanka who owned the longest tusks... Although, He has lived for a long time in Somawathiya area as his homeland , He is often seen around the Ganewelpola/ Maradankadawala area. Also he was in Minneriya National park 3 years before.... As far as my mind he is reached 70 years now.... This is a Sri Lankan (Asian) wild tusker very rare to see...

💚🤩🐘 🇱🇰 

Asian Elephant [Elephas Maximus

📷 Gima Wild Graphy - āļœිāļ¸ා

✍️ Sandalee Chandrasekara

Nikon D750 + 70-200mm

Thursday, 4 April 2024

āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­ āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀āļą āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļē… đŸŒŋ🌸đŸĒ¨ R. I. T. I. G. A. L. A. ~ S r i L a n k a 🇱🇰

 **āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­, āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀āļą āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļē**đŸŒŋ

R. I. T. I. G. A. L. A. ~ S r i   L a n k a   đŸ‡ąđŸ‡°

āļ‹āļ­ුāļģු āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ´āˇ…ාāļ­ේ,āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģāļēāļ§ āļąුāļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­. āļ´āļŊුāļœāˇƒ් ⎀ැ⎀ āļ´්‍āļģාāļ¯ේ⎁ීāļē āļŊේāļšāļ¸් āļšොāļ§්āļ¨ා⎁āļēāļ§āļ­් āļšැāļšිāļģා⎀ āļ´්‍āļģාāļ¯ේ⎁ීāļē āļŊේāļšāļ¸් āļšොāļ§්āļ¨ා⎁āļēāļ§āļ­් āļ¸ාāļēිāļ¸්⎀ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­ි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎄āļļāļģāļĢ āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¸ාāļģ්āļœāļēේ āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎄ා āļœāļąේ⎀āļŊ්āļ´ොāļŊ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ´āˇƒිāļą් āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ 7200āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļģāļ¸āļĢීāļē āļˇූāļ¸ි āļˇාāļœāļēāļš āˇ€āļąāļ´ිāļē⎃āļšිāļą් ⎀ැ⎃ී āļ‡āļ­. ⎄āļļāļģāļĢ āˇƒිāļ§ āļ¸āļģāļ¯āļą්āļšāļŠāˇ€āļŊ ⎄āļģ⎄ා āļ¯ි⎀ෙāļą āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¸ාāļģ්āļœāļēේ āļšි. āļ¸ී. 15 āļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§āļœāļŊ ⎄āļą්āļ¯ිāļēෙāļą් ⎄ැāļģී āļ…āļ­ුāļģු āļ¸āļœāļš āļœāļ¸āļą් āļšāˇ… āļēුāļ­ුāļēි. āļšො⎅āļš āˇƒිāļ§ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯āļš්⎀ා āļ¯ුāļģ āļšි. āļ¸ී. 201āļš් āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āˇ€ේ.




⎃ුāļ¸ි⎄ිāļģි āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃ āļšāļ­ා⎀āļšāļ§ āˇ„ිāļ¸ිāļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļą āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ…āļ¯ āˇ€āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¯ෙ⎃් ⎀ිāļ¯ෙ⎃් ⎃ංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļą් āļļො⎄ෝāļ¸āļēāļš āļąෙāļ­් ⎃ිāļ­් āļļැāļ¯āļœāļ­් āļ…āļ´ූāļģු ⎃ංāļ ාāļģāļš āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ´āļ­්⎀ āļ­ිāļļේ. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļŗුāļšāļģāļē āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļą් ⎄āļ­āļšිāļą් ⎃āļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āˇ€ූ⎀āļšි. āļ’⎀ා āļąāļ¸්; āļ†āˇƒිāļēා āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļļāļ§ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļšොāļŠිāļœāļŊ, āļ‹āļĢ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ…āļšāļģාāļ´āļ­ි āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ´āļ§āļŊීāļē ⎄ිāļą්āļą, āļšිāļģි⎀ැāļŊ් ⎄ිāļą්āļą āļ†āļ¯ිāļē ⎀ේ. 600māļš් (āļ…āļŠි 2000āļš්) āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļ‹āˇƒිāļą් āļēුāļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀ිāļē⎅ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ‰āˇ„⎅āļ¸ āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļē āļ¯ āˇ€ේ. āļšිāļģිāļē āļœāˇƒ් ⎀ැ⎀, āļšāˇ…ුāļ‘āļļේ, āļ¸ොāļģāļœොāļŠ, āļ¸ූāļģිāļēා, āļšāļŠāˇ€āļŊ, āļļāļ¸ුāļĢුāļœāļ¸, āļ‹āļŊ්āļ´āļ­, ⎄ීāļąුāļš්āļšිāļģිāļēා⎀, āļœāļŊāļ´ිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ†āļ¯ි āļœāļ¸්āļ¸ාāļą 14āļšිāļą් ⎀āļ§āˇ€ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļšāļ¯ු ⎀ැāļ§ිāļē āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļē āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ‡āļ­.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯āļ§ āļ´ි⎀ි⎃ෙāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊිāļą්āļ¸ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļšුāļŠා āļœāļŊ් āļšු⎅ු āļšි⎄ිāļ´āļēāļš් āļ¸āļ­ිāļą් ⎀ේ. āļ’ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸāļ¸ āˇ„āļ¸ු ⎀āļą්āļąේ āļ­āļģāļ¸āļš āļ¯ිāļœ āļ´āˇ…āļŊāļšිāļą් āļēුāļ­ු āļœැāļšුāļģ āļ…āļŠි 30āļš් āļ­āļģāļ¸් ⎀ූ āļœāļģා ⎀ැāļ§ුāļĢු "āļļāļą්āļ¯ා āļ´ොāļšුāļĢ" āļąāļ¸් ⎀ූ ⎃ු⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ āļ´ොāļšුāļĢāļēි. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒු⎀ āļ­ැāļąිāļą් āļ­ැāļą āˇ€ි⎃ිāļģී āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģී āļ‡āļ­ි āļœāļŊ් āļ´ාāļŊāļ¸්, āļ´ිāļēāļœැāļ§ āļ´ේ⎅ි, āļšāˇ€ාāļšාāļģ ⎀ූ ‍⎁ෛāļŊāļ¸āļē ⎀ේāļ¯ිāļšා, āļ”āļ´āļ¸āļ§්āļ§āļ¸් āļšāļģāļą āļŊāļ¯āˇ€ි⎁ාāļŊ āļœāļŊ් āļ´ු⎀āļģු, ⎃ෙāļŊ්āļ¸ු⎀ා āļ´āˇ„āļą්, āļ­āļ§ාāļš, āļļෙ⎄ෙāļ­් āļ”āļģු, ⎃āļŊ āļ´āļ­āļŊ āļ¸āˇ…ු, ⎃āļš්āļ¸āļą් āļ¸āˇ…ු, āļšāļ§ාāļģāļą් āļšෙāļ§ූ āļœāļŊ් āļŊෙāļą්, āļĸāļą්āļ­ාāļœාāļģ, āļ´āļ°ාāļąāļœāļģ ⎄ා āļœāļŊ් āļšු⎅ුāļĢු āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļēි.

āˇ€āˇƒāļģ 1500āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļšාāļŊāļēāļš් āļ…āļ¯්⎀ිāļ­ීāļē ⎀āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āļ†āļģාāļ¸ිāļš āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļēāļš් ⎀⎁āļēෙāļą් āļ´ැ⎀āļ­ි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ 11 ⎀āļą āˇƒිāļēāˇ€āˇƒේāļ¯ී āļ ෝ⎅ āļ†āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļĢāļēāļ­් ⎃āļ¸āļŸ āļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļēෙāļą් āļąāļ§āļšුāļą් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ´āļ­් ⎀ිāļē. ⎀āļąāļœāļ­ āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļąි⎃ා ⎀āļą āˇƒāļ­ුāļą්āļœේ ⎀ා⎃⎃්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ´āļ­් ⎀ූ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āˇ€āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļēේāļ¯ී āļģූ⎃්⎃ āļœāˇƒ් āļšොāļŊāļą් ⎀āļŊිāļą් āļ´ිāļģුāļĢු ⎀āļą āļģොāļ¯āļš්āļą් ⎀ැ⎃ී āļ´āˇ€āļ­ී. āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļēේāļ¯ී āļˇා⎀āļąාāļąුāļēෝāļœි āļˇිāļš්⎂ූāļą් ⎀⎄āļą්⎃ේāļŊා āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎀āļąāļœāļ­āˇ€ ⎀ැāļŠ āˇƒිāļ§ි āļļ⎀āļ§ āˇƒාāļš්⎂ි āļ‘⎄ි āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āļąāļ§āļšුāļą් ⎀āļŊිāļą්āļ¯ āˇ„ෙ⎅ි ⎀ෙāļēි.

1942 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļŊෙ⎃ āļąāļ¸් āļšෙāļģුāļĢු āļ…āļ­āļģ, āļ‘⎄ි ⎁ාāļš āˇ„ා ⎃āļ­්⎀ ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ āļģැāļš āļœැāļąීāļ¸ āļšෙ‍āļģෙ⎄ි ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ āļ…⎀āļ°ාāļąāļē āļēොāļ¸ු ⎀āļą්āļąāļ§ āˇ€ිāļē. āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļšāļ§āļēුāļ­ු ⎃āļŗāˇ„ා āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎃ංāļģāļš්⎂āļĢāļē āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļąැ⎀āļ­ āˇ€āļģāļš් āļ†āļģāļ¸්āļˇ āˇ€ූāļēේ 1960āļ¯ී āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļ†āļ ාāļģ්āļē āļģාāļĸා āļ¯ āˇƒිāļŊ්⎀ා āļ¸āˇ„āļ­ාāļœේ āļ¸ූāļŊිāļšāļ­්⎀āļē āļēāļ§āļ­ේāļē.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ…āļ¯්āļˇූāļ­ āļĸāļą āˇ€ි⎁්⎀ා⎃ āļģැ⎃āļšāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊ්⎀ූ āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļēāļšි. āļ¸ෙāļē āļ¸ුāļŊ් āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļēāļš්⎂ āļœෝāļ­්‍āļģිāļš āļĸāļąāļ­ා⎀āļš් ⎀ි⎃ූ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේ⎁āļēāļš් āļļ⎀ āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģ⎀ාāļ¯āļēේ ⎃āļ¯āˇ„āļą් āļšāļģුāļĢāļšි. āļģා⎀āļĢ āˇƒāļ¸්āļļāļą්āļ¯āˇ€ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎄ා āļļැāļ¯ුāļĢු āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģ⎀ාāļ¯āļēāļš් āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļēි. āļģා⎀āļĢ āļ­āļ¸āļą්āļ§ āļšāˇ… āļ¸āļ¯ිāļ´ුංāļ ිāļšāļ¸āļ§ āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ිāļ ාāļģāļēāļš්‌ āļŊෙ⎃ āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēා⎀ේ āļģාāļ¸ āļģāļĸුāļœේ āļļිāˇƒāˇ€ ⎀ූ ⎃ීāļ­ා āļ¯ේ⎀ිāļē āļ´ැ⎄ැāļģāļœෙāļą āˇ€ිāļ­් āļŊංāļšා āļ´ුāļģāļēේ ⎃ුāļģāļš්‍⎂ිāļ­āˇ€ āļģāļŗāˇ€ා āļ­ැāļļූ āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ‡āļē ⎃ොāļēා āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āļģාāļ¸ āļģāļĸුāļœේ āˇƒāˇ„ෝāļ¯āļģ āļŊāļš්‍⎂්āļ¸āļą් āļšුāļ¸āļģු ⎄ා āļ…ැāļ­ි ⎀ූ āļēුāļ¯්āļ°āļēේ āļ¯ී āļŊāļš්⎂්āļ¸āļĢāļœේ āļ…ැāļ­ි ⎀ූ āļ­ු⎀ාāļŊāļēāļ§ āļ…⎀⎁්‍āļē āļ–⎂āļ° āˇƒොāļēා ⎄āļąුāļ¸āļą්āļ­ා āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēා⎀ේ ⎄ිāļ¸ාāļŊāļēāļ§ āļœිāļēāļ­් āļ”⎄ුāļ§ āļ”āˇƒු⎀ේ āļąāļ¸ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļš āˇ€ීāļ¸ āļąි⎃ා āļ”⎄ු ⎄ිāļ¸ාāļŊāļēෙāļą් āļ”āˇƒු āļ´ැ⎅ෑāļ§ි āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේ⎁āļēāļ¸ āļœāļŊ⎀ා āļœෙāļą āļ…ා āļļ⎀ ⎃āļ¯āˇ„āļą් ⎀ෙāļēි. āļ‘āļ¸ āļšāļŗු āļšොāļ§āˇƒිāļą් āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš්‌ āļšැāļŠී ⎀ැāļ§ී  āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯āļ§ āļēා⎀ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļ–⎂āļ° āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢāļē ⎀ී āļ‡āļ­ි āļļ⎀ ‌ āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģ⎀ාāļ¯āļēāļšිāļą් āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļēි. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģා āļ‰āļģāļģාāļĸ, ⎃āļŗāļģාāļĸ, āļļිං āļšො⎄ොāļš, ⎀ැāļąි āļ¯ුāļģ්āļŊāļˇ āļœāļĢāļēේ āļļෙ⎄ෙāļ­් āļ´ැ⎅ෑāļ§ි āļļො⎄ොāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ­āˇ€āļ¸āļ­් āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āˇ€āļąāļēේ āļ‡āļ­ි āļļ⎀ āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒේ.

āļ¸āˇ„ා⎀ං⎁āļēේ "āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨ āļ´āļļ්āļļāļ­" āļēāļąු⎀ෙāļą් āļ¯ැāļš්⎀ෙāļą්āļąේ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļļ⎀ āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃āļĨāļēāļą්āļœේ āļ¸āļ­āļēāļēි.



āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļē āļ†āˇ්‍āļģිāļ­ āļ†āļģාāļ¸ āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļēāļ§ āļ¯ීāļģ්āļ āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃āļēāļš් āļ…ැāļ­. ⎃ූāļģāļ­ි⎃්⎃ āļģāļĸු( āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. 187-177) āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗු āļ´ාāļ¸ුāļŊ āļ¸āļšුāļŊāļš āˇ€ි⎄ාāļģāļē āļšāļģ⎀ා āļ…ැāļ­ි āļļ⎀ ⎃āļ¯āˇ„āļą් ⎀ේ. āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු ⎃ිāļēāˇ€āˇƒේ ⎃ෙāļŊ්āļŊිāļ´ිāļēāļš āļ…āļģිāļ§ āˇ€ි⎄ාāļģāļēāļ§ āļ…āļļāļ¯āˇ…āļš āļąāļ¸් ⎀ැ⎀ āļ´ූāļĸා āļšිāļģීāļ¸ āļœැāļą āļšිāļēැ⎀ෙāļēි. āļŊāļĸ්āļĸāļ­ි⎃්⎃ āļģāļĸු( āļš්‍āļģි. āļ´ූ. 119-110) āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨ āˇ€ි⎄ාāļģāļē ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ āļšāļģ āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ි⎃ං⎃්āļšāļģāļĢāļē āļšāļģ āļ­āļąāˇ€ා āļ­ිāļļේ. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු⎀āļą āˇƒේāļą ( āļš්‍āļģි. ⎀. 831-851) āļģāļĸුāļ­් āļ¸ේ ⎀ි⎄ාāļģāļēāļ§ āļ…āļąුāļœ්‍āļģ⎄āļē āļ¯ැāļš්⎀ූ āļģāļĸāļšෙāļąෙāļšි. āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු⎀āļą āļ´āļģාāļš්‍āļģāļ¸āļļා⎄ු āļģāļĸු āļģු⎄ුāļĢේ āļ¸ාāļąාāļˇāļģāļĢāļ§ āļ‘āļģෙ⎄ි⎀ āļ¸ේ āļšāļŗු āļ†āˇ්‍āļģිāļ­āˇ€ āļļāļŊāļšොāļ§ු āļ­āļąා ⎃ේāļąා ⎃ං⎀ිāļ°ාāļąāļē āļšāˇ… āļļ⎀āļ¯ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āļą් ⎀ේ.

āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļ´ාāļŊāļą āˇƒāļ¸āļēේ 1872 āļ¯ී āļĸේāļ¸්⎃් āļ¸ැāļą්āļ§āļŊ් āļąāļ¸් āļ¸ිāļąිāļą්āļ¯ෝāļģු⎀ා āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ¸ා⎃ āļ­ුāļąāļš් āļąැ⎀āļ­ී ⎃ිāļ§ āļ¸ැāļąුāļ¸් āļšāļ§āļēුāļ­ු āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. 1890 āļ¯ී āļ…āļąුāļģාāļ°āļ´ුāļģ āļ¯ි⎃ාāļ´āļ­ි āļ†āļģ්. āļŠāļļ්. āļ…āļēි⎀āļģ්⎃් āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļą āļ†āˇƒāļą්āļą āļ­ැāļąිāļ­āļŊා āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš āļąි⎀⎄āļąāļš් āļ­āļąāˇ€ා āļœෙāļą āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎃ි⎃ිāļŊ් āļ¯ේ⎁āļœුāļĢāļēේ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒ āļŊāļļාāļœෙāļą āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āļļ⎀āļ¯ āļšිāļēැ⎀ෙāļēි. ⎄ෙāļą්āļģි āļ§්‍āļģāļēිāļ¸āļą් 1887 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎁ාāļš āļœැāļą āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļē āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēා āļšොāļ¸āˇƒාāļģි⎃් āļ‘āļ ්. ⎃ී. āļ´ී. āļļෙāļŊ් 1883 āļ¯ී āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģාāˇ€āˇƒ්āļ­ු āļœැāļą āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļē āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļේ.

āļąු⎀āļģ āļšāļŊා⎀ිāļēේ āļ‹āˇƒāļ¸ āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļē ⎀ූ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ‹āˇƒ āļ…āļŠි 2514āļš් (āļ¸ීāļ§āļģ් 765). āļ…āļ´ āļģāļ§ේ āļ¸āļ°්‍āļē āļšāļŗුāļšāļģāļēāļ­් āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ‰āļą්āļ¯ිāļēා⎀ේ āļšāļŗුāļ­් āļ…āļ­āļģ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļ‹āˇƒිāļą් ⎀ැāļŠිāļ¸ āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļąි⎃ා āļ‘āļē āļˇූ ⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļšāˇ€ āļ¯ āˇ€ි⎁ේ⎂ ⎀ූ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේ⎁āļēāļšි. āļ’ āˇ€āļœේāļ¸ āˇ€ිāļē⎅ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ිāļēāļ­් āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ ⎁ාāļš āļģා⎁ිāļēāļš් ⎀ැ⎀ෙāļą āˇƒි⎃ිāļŊ් āļ¯ේ⎁āļœුāļĢāļēāļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļēāļš් āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ´ැ⎀āļ­ීāļ¸āļ¯ āˇ€ි⎁ේ⎂āļ­්⎀āļēāļšි. 

āļ¸ේ āļąි⎃ාāļ¸ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļē 1931 āļ¯ී āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ´āļ­් āļšāļģ āļ…ැāļ­. āļ¯ැāļŠි āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļēේ ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊāļ­්⎀āļē ⎄ෙāļš්āļ§āļēාāļģ් 1528āļš්. āļ‘āļēāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ⎀ āļšāļŗු āļ´ාāļ¸ුāļŊ āļąāļ§āļļුāļą් āļ†āļģාāļ¸ āˇƒංāļšීāļģ්āļĢāļē āļ‡āļ­ු⎅āļ­් āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ 690āļš් āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēා āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļēāļš් āļŊෙ⎃ āļ´්‍āļģāļšා⎁ āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļේ.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļē āļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļšāļŗු āļšි⎄ිāļ´āļēāļšිāļą්āļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āˇ€ූ⎀āļšි. āļ–⎂āļ° āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļšොāļŠිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ‹āļĢ āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ†āļŦිāļēා āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ´āˇ…āļ­ුāļģු āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ…āļ¸āļģාāļ´āļ­ි āļšāļą්āļ¯, āļ‹āļŊ්āļ´āļ­් āļšāļą්āļ¯ āļēāļą āļšāļŗු ⎄āļ­āļš්‌ āļ‘āļēāļ§ āļ…āļēāļ­්āļē. āļšāļ§ාāļģāļ¸් āļšොāļ§āļą āļŊāļ¯ āļœāļŊ් āļŊෙāļą් 74 āļš්‌āļ¯ āļļ්‍āļģා⎄්āļ¸ීāļē āļ…āļš්‍⎂āļģ⎀āļŊිāļą් āļŊිāļēāļą āļŊāļ¯ āˇිāļŊා āļŊේāļ›āļą 152 āļš්‌āļ¯ āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āļ…āļœāļēāļš්‌ āļ‡āļ­ි ⎀ි⎀ිāļ° āļœොāļŠāļąැāļœිāļŊි 140 āļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āļąāļ§āļļුāļą්āļ¯ āˇ€ි⎁ාāļŊ āļ´ොāļšුāļĢāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ ⎁ෛāļŊāļ¸āļē āļ´ෙāļ­්āļ¸āļœāļš් ā āļ…āļ¯āļ§āļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¯ී āļ¯ැāļš āļļāļŊා āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē. āļ¸ෙ⎀ැāļąි āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇƒāļ¸්āļ´āļ­් āļģැ⎃āļšිāļą් ⎃āļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀āļąāļē āļąāļģāļšāļą්āļąāļą්āļ§ āļ¸ෙāļģāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃āļē āļ´ි⎅ිāļļāļ¯ āˇ€ි⎃්āļ¸āļĸāļąāļš āˇƒාāļš්⎂ි āļ´ෙāļą්⎀ා āļ¯ෙāļēි.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļēāļąු āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļĸෛ⎀ ⎀ි⎀ිāļ°āļ­්⎀āļēāļš් āļ‡āļ­ි ⎀āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļēāļšි. ⎀āļģ්⎂ 1935 āļ¯ී āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎁ාāļš āļ´ි⎅ිāļļāļŗ āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļēāļš් āļšāˇ… āļ´ී. āļŠී. āļ†āļģ්. āļĸāļēāļēූāļģිāļē āļ•āļšිāļŠ් ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ 27āļš් ⎃ොāļēාāļœāļą්āļąා āļŊāļ¯ි. ⎀āļģ්āļ­āļ¸ාāļąāļē ⎀āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļēෙāļą් ⎄āļ¸ු⎀ී āļ‡āļ­ි ⎁ාāļš āˇ€ි⎁ේ⎂ ⎃ංāļ›්‍āļēා⎀ 418āļš් ⎀ේ. āļ‰āļą් āļ¸āļŊ් āļ´ිāļ´ෙāļą āˇාāļš āˇ€ි⎁ේ⎂ ⎃ංāļ›්‍āļēා⎀ 338āļšි. ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂āļ­්⎀āļē āļąāļ¸් āļ¸ේ āļ…āļ­āļģිāļą් ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ 113āļš් āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āļ’⎀ා ⎀ීāļ¸āļēි. 2008 āļ¯ී āļšāˇ… āļ…āļ°්‍āļēāļēāļąāļēāļšāļ¯ී āļ´āļš්⎂ි ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ 97āļš් āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎃āļģāļą āļļ⎀ ⎄ෙ⎅ි ⎀ිāļē. āļ…āļŊිāļēා, ⎀āļŊ⎃ා, āļœෝāļąා, āļšොāļ§ිāļēා āļ‡āļ­ු⎅ු āļš්⎂ීāļģāļ´ාāļēී ⎀ි⎁ේ⎂ āļģැ⎃āļš් āļ¸ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎀ා⎃āļē āļšāļģāļą āļļ⎀āļ§ āˇƒාāļš්⎂ි ⎄ෙ⎅ි ⎀ී āļ‡āļ­.

āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļēේ āļ´āˇ„⎅āļ¸ āļšොāļ§āˇƒ (āļļිāļ¸් āļ…āļŠāˇ€ිāļē) ⎀ිāļē⎅ි āļ¸ි⎁්‍āļģ ⎃āļ¯ා⎄āļģිāļ­ āˇ€āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģāļ¸āļē āļŊāļš්‍⎂āļĢ āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģ āļ‡āļ­ි āļ´ෙāļ¯ෙ⎃āļšි. āļ‘⎄ි āļ¸ොāļģ, ⎄āļŊ්āļ¸ිāļŊ්āļŊ, āļšāļŊු⎀āļģ, ⎀ීāļģ, āļ´āļŊු, āļąා ⎀ැāļąි ⎀ිāļē⎅ි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļš්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āˇාāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļēි.

āļšāļŗු⎀ැāļ§ිāļē āļ¸āļ°්‍āļē āļšāļŊාāļ´āļēේ āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļ­ෙāļ­් āļšāļŊාāļ´ීāļē ⎀āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģ āļŊāļš්‍⎂āļĢāļēි. āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļ´්‍āļģāļ¯ේ⎁āļēේ āļ‡āļ§āļš, āļšුāļŠුāļ¯āˇ€ුāļŊා, āļ•āļ¸ාāļģ, āļšැāļą්āļ¯, āļąා ⎀ැāļąි ⎁ාāļš āˇƒුāļŊāļˇāˇ€ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšිāļē.

āļšāļŗු āļ¸ුāļ¯ුāļąේ āļ‰āˇ„⎅ āļšොāļ§āˇƒේ āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļŊැāļļෙāļą්āļąේ āļ‹āļ´ āļšāļŗුāļšāļģ āļšāļŊාāļ´ීāļē ⎀āļąාāļą්āļ­āļģ⎀āļŊ ⎃්‌⎀āļˇා⎀āļēāļēි. āļąෙāļŊු, āļļිāļąāļģ, āļšැāļšුāļĢ, āļ¯ුāļ¸් ⎀ැāļąි ⎁ාāļš āˇ€āļģ්āļœ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎀ැāļŠී āļ‡āļ­.

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊāļ§āļ¸ āļ†āˇ€ේāļĢිāļš āˇ€ූ ⎁ාāļš āˇ€ි⎁ේ⎂ āļšි⎄ිāļ´āļēāļš් ā ⎄āļ¸ු⎀ී āļ­ිāļļේ. āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ­āļ¸්āļļāļĸිāļēා, āļœāļŊ් āļšāļ´්āļ´āļģ ⎀āļŊ්āļŊිāļē, āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ¸ී āļēāļą āˇාāļš āļ’ āļ…āļ­āļģ ⎀ේ.āļ¸ීāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ⎀ āļ¯ුāļŊāļļ āļ–⎂āļ°ීāļē ⎁ාāļš āˇ€āļą āļ‰āļģāļģාāļĸ, ⎃āļŗāļģාāļĸ, ⎀āļąāļģාāļĸ, āļąāļœා āļ¸ැāļģු āļ…āļŊ, ⎀ෙāļŊ්āļŊංāļœිāļģිāļē, āļļිāļ¸් āļšො⎄ොāļš, āļĸāļ§ා āļ¸āļšුāļ§  ⎀ැāļąි ⎁ාāļš āļ¯ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි ⎃ුāļŊāļˇāˇ€ ⎀ැ⎀ී āļ‡āļ­.




āļ¸āļąāˇƒ්āļšාāļą්āļ­ āļ´āļģි⎃āļģ āļ´āļ¯්āļ°āļ­ිāļēāļšāļ§ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸āļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļą āˇ€ි⎃්āļ¸ිāļ­ āļĸෛ⎀ ⎀ි⎀ිāļ°āļ­්⎀āļēāļšිāļą් ⎄ෙāļļි āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēාāļ­්āļ¸āļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි, āļ¯ීāļģ්āļœ āļ“āļ­ි⎄ා⎃ිāļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි, āļšෟ⎂āļ°ීāļē ⎀āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි āļ‘āļ¸ෙāļą්āļ¸ āļ´ාāļģි⎃āļģිāļš āˇ€āļ§ිāļąාāļšāļ¸āļš් āļ‡āļ­ි āļ…āļ´ූāļģු ⎀āļą āļ´ිāļē⎃āļš් ⎀ීāļ¸ āˇ්‍āļģී āļŊාංāļšිāļš āļ…āļ´ි āļŊāļ¯ āļˇාāļœ්‍āļēāļēāļšි. āļ‘⎄ි āļ…āļ´ූāļģ්⎀āļ­්⎀āļē āļ¯ැāļš āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āļ¯ෙ⎃් ⎀ිāļ¯ෙ⎃් ⎃ංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļą් āļļො⎄ොāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢෙāļēි. 

āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļļāļŊāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ‘āļą āļ”āļļ āļ‘⎄ි āļ´āļģි⎃āļģāļēේ ⎃ි⎃ිāļŊ ⎀ිāļ¯ āļ´ිāļē ⎃āļ§āˇ„āļą් āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļ‰āļ­ිāļģිāļšāļģ āļ†āļ´āˇƒු āļēāļą්āļąෙāļšු ⎀ේ āļąāļ¸් āļ…āļœāļąා āļļ⎀ ⎃ංāļ ාāļģāļš āˇƒāˇ„ෘāļ¯āļēāļą්āļ§ āļ¸āļ­āļš් āļšāļģāļą āļ…āļ­āļģ āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ ⎀āļą āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­āļē ⎄ා āļ’ āˇ„ා āļļැāļ¯ුāļĢු ෙāļ‘āļ­ි⎄ා⎃ිāļš āļ´ුāļģා⎀ෘāļ­්āļ­āļēāļą් āļ…āļąාāļœāļ­āļē  āˇ€ෙāļąු⎀ෙāļą් ⎃ංāļģāļš්⎂āļĢāļē āļšොāļ§ āļ­āļļා āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļ´ි ⎀āļœ āļļāļŊා āļœāļąිāļ¸ු.




✍️ | ⎃āļ¯āļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģ⎃ේāļšāļģ - āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA

📸 | Respective Owners

āļ¸ූāļŊා⎁්‍āļģ ; www.wikipedia.com

              āļ…āļģිāļ§්āļ¨āļ´āļļ්āļļāļ­ āˇ„ෙ⎀āļ­් āļģිāļ§ිāļœāļŊ āļšāļą්āļ¯ -                        āļ‘āļŊ්āļŊා⎀āļŊ āļ¸ේāļ°ාāļąāļą්āļ¯ āˇ„ිāļ¸ි

              āļ¸ැāļšී āļēāļą āˇ€āļą āļ´ෙāļ­් - āļŠāļœ්āļŊ⎃් āļļී. āļģāļĢ⎃ිං⎄

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Wednesday, 22 March 2023

āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃āļē...(Queens Hotel)

**⎀āļ­්āļ¸āļą් āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē ⎀ුāļĢු āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ 🌆

āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļœāļģāļēේ āļąු⎀āļģ ⎀ැ⎀ ⎄ෙ⎀āļ­් āļšිāļģි āļ¸ු⎄ුāļ¯āļ§ āļ¸ු⎄ුāļĢ āļŊා āļ¯āˇ…āļ¯ා āļ¸ාāļŊිāļœා⎀ āļ´ෙāļąෙāļą āļ¸ාāļąāļēේ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļœෘ⎄āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āļŊāļš්⎂āļĢ āļ¸āļ­ු āļšāļģāļą āˇƒුāļ¯ු āļ´ැ⎄ැāļēෙāļą් ⎀āļģ්āļĢ⎀āļ­් ⎀ූ āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ āļ¸āļą්āļ¯ිāļģāļē āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģāļ§ āļēāļą āļšාāļ§āļ­් āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļš āļąො⎀āļą āˇƒ්āļ¸ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්. āļ’ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąි ⎃āļ¸āļēේ āļ´āļ§āļą් āļ…āļ´ූāļģු āļ¸āļ­āļš āˇƒāļ§āˇ„āļą් āļģා⎁ිāļēāļš් ⎃āļŸāˇ€ා āļœāļ­්   āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļēි.

āļ¸ුāļŊිāļą් āļ¸ āļ¸ෙāļ­ැāļą āļ­ිāļļී āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąිāļēේ āļ¯ි⎃ා⎀ ⎀āļģāļēෙāļš් ⎀ූ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්āļœේ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ āļēි.  āļļො⎄ෝ āļ¯ෙāļąා āļ¸ෙāļē āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļŊෙ⎃ āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āļ¯ැāļą āˇƒිāļ§ිāļēāļ­් āļ‘⎄ි āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļē āļąāļ¸් ⎀ැāļŠි āļ´ිāļģි⎃āļš් āļ¯āļą්āļąේ āļąැ⎄ැ. āļ…⎀ුāļģුāļ¯ු 160āļšāļ§ āļ…āļ°ිāļš āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃āļēāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ’ āļģ⎃āļļāļģ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­āļē ⎃ොāļēා āļœිāļē āļ ාāļģිāļšා⎀āļš් āļ­āļ¸āļēි āļ¸ේ.

1.āļ‰āļ­ි⎄ා⎃ āļšāļ­ා⎀

āļŊෝāļš āļ‹āļģුāļ¸ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ†āļģāļš්⎂ිāļ­ āļ´ුāļģා⎀ිāļ¯්‍āļēා ⎃්āļ¸ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්  āļŊෙ⎃ āļąāļ¸් āļšāļģ āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļšාāļ¸āļģ 78āļšිāļą් ⎃āļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ ⎃ි⎀්āļ¸āˇ„āļŊ් āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš්. āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļšැāļ´ී āļ´ෙāļąෙāļą āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āļŊෙ⎃āļ­් āļ‘āļē āļ´්‍āļģāļšāļ§ āļēි. āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļ¯ී ⎀āļģ්⎂ 1815 āļ¸ාāļģ්āļ­ු 2 ⎀ැāļąි āļ¯ා  āļ…āˇƒ්⎃āļą් āļšāˇ… āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļœි⎀ි⎃ුāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļąු⎀ āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļģාāļĸāļ°ාāļąිāļē āļ‡āļ­ු⎅ු ⎃āļ¸āˇƒ්āļ­ āļŊංāļšා⎀ āļ¸ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļ…āļ°ිāļģාāļĸ්‍āļē්‍āļēāļ§ āļēāļ§āļ­් ⎀ුāļĢා. āļ¸ේ āļœි⎀ි⎃ුāļ¸āļ§ āļ…āļ­්⎃āļą් āļšāˇ… āļ‹āļŠāļģāļ§ āļĸāļą āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļąිāļēෙāļš් ⎀ුāļĢේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸ āļēි. āļ’ āˇ€āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ”⎄ු ⎀āļŊāļ´āļąේ āļ¯ි⎃ා⎀ āļļාāļģ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්⎀āļģāļēා ⎀ුāļĢා.

āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸්āļœේ āļ¸āˇ„ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļąේ āļ¸ාāļ­āļŊේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ āļœāļ¸ේ āļēි. āļ‘āļē āļ¸ැāļ¯ āļ¸ිāļ¯ුāļŊ් ⎄āļ­āļšිāļą් ⎃āļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āļ…āļš්āļšāļģ āļˇාāļœāļēāļš āļ´āļ¸āļĢ āˇ€ි⎁ාāļŊ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āļļ⎀āļēි āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļą්āļąේ. āļŠāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ ⎀ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļēේ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒු⎀āļ§ āļ…āļœāļąු⎀āļģ āļ”⎄ු āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšāˇ… ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ āļ­āļ¸āļēි āļ…āļ¯ āļģැāļĸāļą āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ් āļļිāļ¸ේ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļĢේ. āļŠāļ§ āļ…āļ¸āļ­āļģ ⎀ āļ´ි⎅ිāļ¸āļ­āļŊ⎀්⎀ේ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀, āļ¯ුāļąු⎀ිāļŊ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀, āļ‡āˇ„ැāļŊේāļ´ො⎅ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀, āļœිāļģාāļœāļ¸, ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀, āļ¸ුāļŊ්āļŊේāļœāļ¸ āˇ€āļŊ⎀්⎀, āļ‡āļ­ු⎅ු ⎀āļŊ⎀් 18āļš් āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා.

āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ිāļą් āļ…āļ­āļ§ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē āļ¸ාāļģු⎀ූ āļ´āˇƒු⎀ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ āļ…āļ¯ිāļšාāļģāļ¸ āļ­āļ¸ āļœāļ¸ āˇ€ූ āļ¸ාāļ­āļŊේ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀āļ§ āļœිāļē āļļ⎀āļēි āļ´ැāˇ€āˇƒෙāļą්āļąේ. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒු⎀ āļ”⎄ුāļœේ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ ⎀āļœේ āļ¸ āļ…āļąෙāļš් ⎀āļŊ⎀් ⎃ිāļēāļŊ්āļŊ āļ¸ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļą්āļœේ āļˇා⎀ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļēොāļ¯ා āļœāļ­්āļ­ා. āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ිāļą් ⎃āļ¸āˇ„āļģ ⎀āļŊ⎀් āļšāļŠා āļ¯āļ¸ා ⎀ෙāļąāļ­් āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊි āļ‰āļ¯ි āļšāˇ…ා.

āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļģāļĸ ⎀ා⎃āļŊāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ා āļąුāļ¯ුāļģිāļą් āļ…āļŊංāļšාāļģ ⎀āļ§āļ´ිāļ§ා⎀āļš āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ි āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ 1818 āļ¯ී āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģි⎃ි āļ†āļĢ්‌āļŠුāļšාāļģ āļąිāļŊ āļąිāˇ€āˇƒ āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ­ා⎀āļšාāļŊිāļš āˇ€ āļ´āļ­් ⎀ුāļĢා.  āļ‘⎄ි āļ´āļ¯ිංāļ ි ⎀ූ āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēා āļŊෙ⎃ ⎃ැāļŊāļšෙāļą්āļąේ āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģි⎃ි āļąේ⎀ා⎃ිāļš āļąිāļēෝāļĸිāļ­ āļĸෝāļą් āļŠොāļēිāļŊි āļēි. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒු⎀ 1840 āļ¯ී  āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ිāļą් āļēāļ§āļ­ේ āļŊංāļšා⎀āļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢ āˇƒāļ§āļą්⎀āļŊāļ§ āļ‘āļš්⎀ූ āļšුāļŊී ⎄āļ¸ුāļ¯ා⎀āļš් ⎀ූ āļ¸ැāļŊේ āļģāļēිāļ´āļŊ් ⎄āļ¸ුāļ¯ා⎀ේ āļļැāļģැāļš්āļšāļēāļš් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊ āļˇා⎀ිāļ­ āˇ€ුāļĢා. āļ´āˇƒු⎀  āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊ “āļ¸āļŊāļļාāļģ් āļąිāˇ€āˇƒ” āļąāļ¸ිāļą් ⎄ැāļŗිāļą්⎀ුāļĢා. āļ‰āļą් āļ´āˇƒු⎀ āļ‘āļē āļˇා⎀ිāļ­ āļšāļģ āļ‡āļ­්āļ­ේ  āļēුāļ¯ āˇ„āļ¸ුāļ¯ා āļģෝ⎄āļŊāļšāļ§ āļēි.

2.āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļšුāļŠා ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš්

1850 ⎀āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļ…⎀āļ§ āˇ€āļ­ු⎀āļœා⎀ āļ´ැāļ­ිāļģෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා. āļ¸ේ āļąි⎃ා āļēුāļģෝāļ´ීāļēāļēāļą්āļ§ āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģāļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි ⎀ිāļ§ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļš් āļ…⎀⎁්‍āļē ⎀ුāļĢා.  āļ‘āļ¸ āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊේ āļ‘āļš්‌ āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš, ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ේ āļ…ං⎁āļēāļš āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģි⎃ි āļĸාāļ­ිāļš ‘⎃්‌āļ§ෙāļą්⎃්‌ āļąāļ¸් āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļšාāļą්āļ­ා⎀ āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģි⎃ි āļĸාāļ­ිāļšāļēිāļą් ⎃āļŗāˇ„ා āļšුāļŠා āļˇෝāļĸāļąාāļœාāļģāļēāļš්‌ āˇƒāˇ„ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą්āļ´āˇ…āļš්‌ āļ´āˇ€āļ­්⎀ාāļœෙāļą āļœිāļēා. āļ‘āļē ⎃්āļ§ේāļą්⎃්  ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļąāļ¸ිāļą් ⎄ැāļŗිāļą්⎀ුāļĢා. 

āļ¸ේ ⎀āļąāˇ€ිāļ§ āļ¸ුāļŊ් ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ේ ⎃්⎀āļģූāļ´āļē ⎀ෙāļąāˇƒ් ⎀ෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ´ැ⎀āļ­ුāļĢා. ⎀āļŠා ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš āļ…⎀⎁්‍āļēāļ­ා⎀ āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģāļ§ āļ¯ැāļąෙāļ¸ිāļą් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢා. ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļš් āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšිāļģීāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒ්āļ§ෙāļą්⎃්āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšිāļēා⎀āļš් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢේ āļąෑ. āļ¸ේ āļąි⎃ා ⎃්‌āļ§ෙāļą්⎃්‌ āļ¸āˇ„āļ­්āļ¸ිāļē āļģූāļŠ් 2 āļēි, āļ´āļģ්āļ āˇƒ්‌ 8 1/2 āļš්‌ ⎀ූ āļ¯ුāļŊ්āļŊෑ⎀ ⎀āļŊ⎀්⎀ේ āļšොāļ§āˇƒāļš āļ‰āļ¯ි ⎀ූ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļš්‍āļģි⎃්āļ­ු ⎀āļģ්⎂ 1879 āļ¯ී ⎄āļ¸ුāļ¯ා āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēāļšුāļœේ āļ¯ිāļēāļĢිāļēāļš් ⎀ූ  ‘āļ‘āļŊි⎃āļļෙāļ­් āļ´ිāļēා⎂ෝ’ āļąāļ¸් āļ°āļąāˇ€āļ­් āļšාāļą්āļ­ා⎀āļ§ āˇ€ිāļšිāļĢු⎀ා. āļ’ āˇ€āļŠා ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļš් āļ‰āļ¯ිāļšිāļģීāļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„ා āļēි.

3.⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ ⎀ෙāļēි

āļ´ිāļēා⎂ෝ, āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļœෘ⎄ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēāļ§ āļ…āļąු⎀ ⎃āļšāˇƒ් āļšāˇ… āļœොāļŠāļąැāļŸිāļŊ්āļŊāļš් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āˇ€ ⎀āļŠාāļ­් āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­āļą්āļ´ො⎅āļš් āļļ⎀āļ§ āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ´āļģි⎀āļģ්āļ­āļąāļē āļšāˇ…ා.  āļ‘⎄ි āļąāļ¸ “āļ´ිāļēා⎂ෝ āļšොāļ§ේāļĸ්” āļąāļ¸ිāļą් ⎀ෙāļąāˇƒ් āļšāˇ…ා. āļ‘ංāļœāļŊāļą්āļ­āļēේ ⎀ිāļš්āļ§ෝāļģිāļēා āļģැāļĸāļąāļœේ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē ⎃ි⎄ිāļ´āļ­්⎀ීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąā āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļąāļ¸ිāļą් āļ¯ āˇ€ෙāļąāˇƒ් āļšāˇ…ා.  āļ¸ේ āļąāļ¸ āļēුāļģෝāļ´ීāļēāļēāļą් āļ…āļ­āļģāļ­් āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļē ⎀ුāļĢා.  āļ‘āļ¯ා ⎃ිāļ§ āļ…āļ¯ āļ¯āļš්⎀ා āļ¸ āļˇා⎀ිāļ­ āļšāļģāļą්āļąේ āļ‘āļ¸ āļąāļ¸ āļēි.  

 4.āļŊෝāļšāļē āļ´ුāļģා āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļē ⎀ෙāļēි

19 ⎀āļą āˇƒිāļēāˇ€āˇƒ āļ…āˇ€āˇƒāļą් ⎀āļą āˇ€ිāļ§ āļŊංāļšා⎀ේ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļąො⎀ āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļēāļ§āļ­් ⎀ිāļĸිāļ­ āļŊෝāļšāļēේ āļļො⎄ෝ āļģāļ§āˇ€āļŊ āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļĸāļąāļ´්‍āļģිāļēāļ­්⎀āļēāļ§ āļ´āļ­්⎀ුāļĢා. ⎀āļ­ු ⎀ැ⎀ිāļŊිāļšāļģු⎀āļą් ⎄āļ¸ු⎀ීāļ¸, ⎃āļ¸්āļ¸āļą්āļ­්‍āļģāļĢ āļ´ැ⎀ැāļ­්⎀ීāļ¸ āļ´āļ¸āļĢāļš් āļąො⎀ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœැāļąීāļ¸āļ§āļ­් āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļąāļœāļģāļēේ āļ­ිāļļූ āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āˇƒāˇ„ිāļ­ āļ‘āļš āļ¸ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē ⎀ුāļĢේ āļš්⎀ීāļą්⎃් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļēි. āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļ‡āˇƒāˇ… āļ´ෙāļģ⎄āļģ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ­ු⎅ ⎃ිāļ§ āļ¸ āļąැāļģāļšීāļ¸āļ§ āˇ„ැāļšි⎀ීāļ¸ āļąි⎃ා ⎀ිāļ¯ේ⎁ිāļšāļēāļą් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļ§ āˇ€āļŠාāļ­් āļšැāļ¸ැāļ­්āļ­āļš් āļ¯ැāļš්⎀ූ⎀ා. āļ…āļ¯āļ­් āļ‡āˇƒāˇ… āļ´ෙāļģ⎄āļģ ⎃āļ¸āļēāļ§ āļ¸ෙāļē ⎀ිāļ¯ේ⎁ිāļš āˇƒංāļ ාāļģāļšāļēāļš්āļœෙāļą් āļ´ිāļģී āļēāļąāˇ€ා.

āļ´ිāļē⎁ෝ āļšුāļ¸āļģිāļē 1895 āˇ€āˇƒāļģේ āļ¯ී āļ¸ෙāļ¸ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļšැāļą්āļŠි ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊ් ⎃āļ¸ාāļœāļ¸āļ§ āˇ€ිāļšුāļĢා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ‰āļą්āļ´āˇƒු āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļœෘ⎄ āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļēāļ§ āļ…āļąු⎀ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ­ි⎃ං⎃්āļšāļģāļĢ āˇƒිāļ¯ු āļšāˇ…ා.  āļš්‍āļģි⎃්āļ­ු ⎀āļģ්⎂ 1900 -1908 āļ…āļ­āļģ āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąැāļŸෙāļąāˇ„ිāļģ ⎄ා āļļ⎃්āļąා⎄ිāļģ  āļ…āļą්āļ­āˇ€āļŊāļ§ āļ­āˇ€āļ­් āļšොāļ§āˇƒ් āļšි⎄ිāļ´āļēāļš් āļ‘āļšāļ­ු āļšāļģ ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊ āļšිāļģීāļ¸āļš් ⎃ිāļ¯ු⎀ුāļĢා. 1911 āˇ€āˇƒāļģේ āļ¯ී āļšො⎅āļš āļšොāļ¸āļģ්⎂āļŊ් ⎃āļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļ¸ේ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļ¸ිāļŊ āļ¯ී āļœāļ­්āļ­ා. āļ‘āļ¸ āˇƒāļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļļෝāļŊ් āļģූāļ¸් ⎁ාāļŊා⎀āļš් āļ‰āļ¯ි āļšāˇ…ා. āļ…āļœāļ¸ැāļ­ිāļąී ⎃ිāļģිāļ¸ා⎀ෝ āļļāļĢ්āļŠාāļģāļąාāļēāļšāļœේ 1970 āļ´ාāļŊāļą āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļē āļģāļĸāļēāļ§ āļ´āˇ€āļģා āļœැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ´āˇƒු āļ‘⎄ි āļ…āļēිāļ­ිāļē āļŊංāļšා ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊ් ⎃ං⎃්āļŽා⎀ ⎃āļ­ු⎀ුāļĢා. āļ´āˇƒු⎀ āļ‘⎄ි āļģāļĸāļēේ āļ…āļēිāļ­ිāļēāļ§ āˇ„ිāļ¸ි āļšොāļ§āˇƒ් āļĸāļąාāļ°ිāļ´āļ­ිāļąි āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģිāļšා āļšුāļ¸ාāļģāļ­ුංā āļšාāļŊāļēේ āļ¯ී ⎀ිāļšුāļĢා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ‘āļē āļ…āļ¯ āļ´ාāļŊāļąāļē ⎀āļą්āļąේ āļšැāļą්āļŠි ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊ් ⎃āļ¸ාāļœāļ¸ āļēāļ§āļ­ේ.

 5.āļ´ුāļ¯්āļœāļŊāļēāļą්āļœේ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļąāļš්

āļ¯āļšුāļĢු āļ¯ිāļœ āļ†āˇƒිāļēා⎀ේ āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļąāļ­ āļ¸ āļēāļ§āļ­්⎀ිāļĸිāļ­ āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļąිāļŊāļ°ාāļģිāļēෙāļš් ⎀ුāļĢු āļ¸āˇ€ුāļą්āļ§් āļļැāļ§āļą් ⎃ාāļ¸ි⎀āļģāļēාāļ­් āļ¸ේ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēāļ§ āļąිāļ­āļģ āļ† āļœිāļē āļšෙāļąෙāļš් ⎀ිāļ¯ි⎄āļ§ āļ´්‍āļģ⎃ිāļ¯්āļ° āļēි. 1890 āļ¯ී āļ‡āļą්āļ§āļą් āļ ෙāļšො⎀් āļŊංāļšා⎀āļ§ āļ´ැāļ¸ිāļĢි āļ…āˇ€āˇƒ්āļŽා⎀ේāļ¯ෘāļ­් āļ¸ේ ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļąāˇ€ාāļ­ැāļą් āļœෙāļą āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා.  āļ¸ේ ⎃ිāļēāļŊු āļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ¯āˇ…āļ¯ා āļ¸ාāļŊිāļœා⎀āļ§ āˇ„ෝ āļąු⎀āļģ⎀ැ⎀āļ§ āļ‘⎄ෙāļ¸āļ­් āļąැāļ­්āļąāļ¸් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ āļ´ි⎄ිāļąුāļ¸් āļ­āļ§ාāļšāļē ⎄ෝ āļ¸āˇ„āļąු⎀āļģ āļšāļŗු⎀⎅āļŊ්āļŊ āļ¯ෙ⎃āļ§ āļ¸ු⎄ුāļĢāļŊා āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා.

āļ’⎀ාāļēේ āļ­ිāļļෙāļą āˇ€ි⎁ාāļŊ āļĸāļąේāļŊ āļąි⎃ා āļ…⎀āļ§ āļ´āļģි⎃āļģāļē ⎄ොāļŗිāļą් āļ¯ැāļš āļļāļŊා āļœāļą්āļąāļ­් āļ´ු⎅ු⎀āļą්. āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ´ි⎄ිāļ§ා āļ­ිāļļෙāļą්āļąේ āļ‘āļšිāļąෙāļšāļ§ āļ‰āļ­ා ⎅āļŸිāļą්. āļ¸ුāļŊ් āļšාāļŊāļēේ ⎃āļ¸āˇ„āļģ āļšාāļ¸āļģ⎀āļŊāļ§ āˇ€ැ⎃ිāļšි⎅ි ⎄ා āļąාāļąāļšාāļ¸āļģ āļ­ිāļļී āļąැ⎄ැ. āļģාāļ­්‍āļģිāļēāļ§ āļ…⎀⎁්‍āļē ⎀ුāļĢොāļ­් āļˇා⎀ිāļ­āļēāļ§ āļ…āļ¸ුāļ­්āļ­āļą්āļ§ āļ´ොāļ§් āļŊāļļාāļ¯ී āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. āļ¯ැāļą් āļ’ āļ´ැāļģāļĢි āļ‹āļ´āļšāļģāļĢ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊ āļšෞāļ­ුāļšාāļģāļēේ āļ¯ැāļšāļœāļ­ āˇ„ැāļšි āļēි.

āļąāˇ€ීāļą āļ´āˇ„āˇƒුāļšāļ¸් āļģැ⎃āļš් āļ­ිāļļුāļĢāļ­් ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊāļēේ ⎃ෑāļ¸ āļ­ැāļąāļš āļ¸ āļŠāļ§ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸ āļ…āļ­ීāļ­ āļ‹āļģුāļ¸āļēāļš් āļ¯āļšිāļą්āļąāļ§ āļ´ු⎅ු⎀āļą්. āļœෘ⎄ āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠ āļ´āˇ€ා āļ‰ංāļœ්‍āļģී⎃ි āļŒāļģු⎀āļ§ āļąෑāļšāļ¸් āļšිāļēāļąāˇ€ා. āļ¸ෙ⎄ි āļ´්‍āļģāļ°ාāļą āļ…⎀āļą්⎄āļŊ ⎄āļŗුāļą්⎀āļą්āļąේ Queen of Hearts āļŊෙ⎃ āļēි.  

āļļ්‍āļģිāļ­ාāļą්‍āļē āļšොāļŊෝāļąිāļēāļŊ් āļœෘ⎄āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļĢ āˇිāļŊ්āļ´āļē ⎃ි⎄ිāļ´āļ­් āļšāļģ⎀āļą āļ†āļšාāļģāļēේ āļšාāļ¸āļģ 80āļšāļ§ āļ…āļ°ිāļš āˇ€ āļ­ිāļļෙāļąāˇ€ා. ⎃ාāļ¸ාāļą්‍āļē āļšාāļ¸āļģ 83āļš් āļ¯ āļ´āˇ€ුāļŊේ āļšාāļ¸āļģ 2āļš් āļ¯ āˇƒාāļ¸ාāļą්‍āļē ⎃ූāļ§් 2āļš් āˇƒāˇ„ ⎀ිāļ°ාāļēāļš āˇƒූāļ§් 2āļšිāļą් āļ¯ āˇ„ෝāļ§āļŊāļē ⎃āļ¸āļą්⎀ිāļ­ āļēි. ⎄ෝāļ§āļŊ් āļļිāļ¸ āļ´āļģ්āļ āˇƒ් 217 ⎀ි⎁ාāļŊāļ­්⎀āļēāļšිāļą් āļēුāļš්āļ­ āļēි.







✍️⎃āļ§āˇ„āļą ; ( āļ‹āļ´ුāļ§ාāļœැāļąීāļ¸āļšි )

⎃āļŗāļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģ⎃ේāļšāļģ 

Friday, 3 March 2023

āļœිāļ¸ා-GIMA Online Journal (January Edition)

 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal āļē āļ­ෙ⎀āļą āļ¯ිāļœ āˇ„ැāļģුāļ¸đŸ˜

āļ”āļļ ⎀ෙāļ­ āˇƒාāļ¯āļģāļēෙāļą් āļ´ි⎅ිāļœāļą්⎀āļ¸ු...🙏


*āļĸāļąāˇ€ාāļģි āļšāļŊාāļ´āļē - January Edition *


āļ…āļą්āļ­āļģ්āļœāļ­āļē...👇

✍️DREAM PLACE - āļ­ිāļŊāļą්āļĸāļą āˇƒංāļ ිāļ­් ⎃āļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļ⎄āļš්  💁

✍️āļ¸ි⎄ිāļą්āļ­āļŊāļē āļ´ුāļģා⎀ෘāļ­āļē ⛰️💚

✍️ ⎀ිāļąි⎀ිāļ¯ - Vinivida Artz - āļąිāļģ්āļ¸ාāļŊ් āļ­ීāļš්⎂āļĢ āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ා āļļ⎄āļš් 💁

✍️ Secret Traveller - ⎃āļ ිāļą් āļšāļĢි⎂්āļš āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ Travel āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē💁

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා ⎄ෙ⎅ āļ”āˇƒු āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē 🍀 🍋

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļ†āˇ„ාāļģ āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē đŸŒļ️🧀🍛

✍️āļšෙāļ§ි āļšāļ­ා⎀ (āļąිāļŊāļ¸්āļļāļģේ ⎃ුāļ´ුāļą් ⎃āļŗ) 💕

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļšāˇ€ි āļšāˇ…āļš  đŸŒģ















✍️ āļœිāļ¸ා












Friday, 17 February 2023

Brown Fish Owl đŸĻ‰ 🇱🇰

                         B r o w n  F i s h  O w l đŸĻ‰ 

                              W I L P A T T U 🇱🇰 

* Brown Fish Owl *

āļļොāļģ āļšෙ⎀ුāļŊ් āļļāļšāļ¸ූāļĢා / āļ¸ා⎅ු āļļāļšāļ¸ූāļĢා 

⎀ිāļŊ්āļ´āļ­්āļ­ු āļĸාāļ­ිāļš āˇ€āļąෝāļ¯්‍āļēාāļąāļē 🇱🇰 

Scientific Name : KETUPA ZEYLONENSIS

The Brown Fish Owl spicies are distributed in Sri Lanka, India, Nepal, Turkey, Iran, Bhuthan, Bangaladesh, Myanmar, Iran, Pakistan, China, Hong Kong, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Viaetnam and Malaysia. Some of these spicies are possibly extinct in Israel, Iraq, Jordan, Lebonan and Syria.

Habbits : These spicies are semi-diurnal roosting in large trees during the day time and they are leaving well before sunset. They will often fly up & down...sometimes skimming the water.

Size : Length 48-58 cm. Wing length 355-43mm. Tail length 175-214mm. Weight 1105- 1308g. Females are often larger & heavier than males. 

Feed : The Brown Fish Owls feed mainly on fish, frogs & crabs by hunting. But, they will also take birds, reptiles, snakes, lizards, rodents, shrimp & beetles. They are generally found in thick lawland forest & well-wooded country, mostly near water.

Breeding : The breeding season of Brown Fish Owl is generally from November to March. But, as at late April in Sri Lanka. The female lays one or two roundish white eggs.

📷 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA

✍️⎃āļŗāļŊී āļ āļą්āļ¯්‍āļģ⎃ේāļšāļģ - Sandalee Chandrasekara 


Wednesday, 7 December 2022

āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal 01

 āļœිāļ¸ා - GIMA Online Journal āļē āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļ¯ිāļœ āˇ„ැāļģුāļ¸đŸ˜

āļ”āļļ ⎀ෙāļ­ āˇƒාāļ¯āļģāļēෙāļą් āļ´ි⎅ිāļœāļą්⎀āļ¸ු...🙏


* āļ¯ැ⎃ැāļ¸්āļļāļģ් āļ´āˇ…āļ¸ු āļšāļŊාāļ´āļē - December First Edition *

āļ…āļą්āļ­āļģ්āļœāļ­āļē...👇

✍️ āļœිāļ¸ා āļ†āļģāļ¸්āļˇāļē 

✍️āļ¯ුāļ¸ිāļ¯ු āļ´ාāļ¯ෙāļĢිāļē ⎃āļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļ⎄āļš්💁

✍️⎀ි⎃්āļ¸ිāļ­ āļ…āļ´ූāļģු ⎃ීāļœිāļģිāļē ⛰️💚

✍️3S Dancer - ⎃āļ¸ීāļģ āļœුāļĢāļ­ිāļŊāļš āˇƒāļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļ⎄āļš්

✍️āļ†āˇ„ාāļģ āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē đŸŒļ️🧀🍛

✍️⎄ෙ⎅ āļ”āˇƒු āļ…āļ­ිāļģේāļšāļē 🍀 🍋

✍️⎃ුāļąේāļ­්‍āļģා āļšේ. ⎀ිāļĸේ⎃ිං⎄ ⎃āļ¸āļŸ āļšāļ­ාāļļ⎄āļš්💁

✍️āļšෙāļ§ි āļšāļ­ා⎀ (āļ­ු⎂āļģ āļąිāļ¸්āļąāļē) 💕

✍️āļšං⎃ා āˇƒāˇ„ ⎁්‍āļģී āļŊංāļšා āļ†āļģ්āļŽිāļšāļē 🍁

✍️āļœිāļ¸ා āļšāˇ€ි āļšāˇ…āļš



























āļœිāļ¸ා ⎃āļŸāļģා⎀ ⎄āļģ⎄ා āļ”āļļේ ⎄āļ¯āˇ€āļ­āļ§ āļšāļ­ා āļšāļģāļą්āļą āļ…āļ´ි ⎃ූāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸්...āļ…āļ´ිāļ­් ⎃āļ¸āļŸ āļģැāļ¯ී ⎃ිāļ§ිāļą්āļą...💙


✍️ āļœිāļ¸ා